煤气化渣-土壤复配下的生态风险评价及重金属在紫花苜蓿中的富集与迁移  

Ecological pollution risk assessment of coal gasification slag-soil compound condition and heavy metal accumulation and migration in alfalfa planting

作　　者：王儒洋 范佳明 江尧 齐志丽 金政伟 杨磊 Wang Ruyang;Fan Jiaming;Jiang Yao;Qi Zhili;Jin Zhengwei;Yang Lei(Institute of Coal Chemical Industry Technology,National Energy Group Ningxia Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,Yinchuan Ningxia 750411,China)

机构地区：[1]国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司煤炭化学工业技术研究院,宁夏银川750411

出　　处：《煤化工》2021年第6期13-18,33,共7页Coal Chemical Industry

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划基金项目(2019BDE02004);宁东能源固废资源化利用发展路线图研究(2018ZD01204)。

摘　　要：针对气化渣处理方式单一、环境承载力日益严峻等问题,通过紫花苜蓿盆栽实验,考察了复配气化渣土壤的生态风险情况及其重金属在紫花苜蓿中的迁移、富集。结果表明:处理组土壤中部分重金属元素含量略微超过背景值,但总体符合国家农用地土壤质量标准;在加入气化渣后,腐殖酸与气化渣(HG)和气化渣(GS)处理组中Pb、Zn的含量低于风干土(CK)对照组;内梅罗综合污染指数评价结果表明,不同处理条件下土壤中重金属元素污染等级为洁净(安全)水平,潜在生态风险指数评价进一步表明,所有处理组土壤呈轻微风险水平;富集能力方面,紫花苜蓿对Cd的吸收能力较强,除Cd、Zn元素外,其他重金属元素主要集中在植株根系中;转移能力方面,Cd转移能力最强,Pb、Co最弱,苜蓿地上部位茎叶中重金属含量符合饲料卫生标准。Aiming at the problems of single treatment method of gasification slag and ever-increasing pressure on environmental carrying capacity,the ecological risk of gasification slag-soil compound and the accumulation and migration of heavy metals in alfalfa were investigated through alfalfa potted experiment.The results showed that:(1)Some elements of heavy metals in the soil slightly exceeded the background value under different treatment conditions,but they were generally in line with the national agricultural land soil quality standards.After adding gasification slag,the content of Pb and Zn was lower than that of the control group.(2)The evaluation results of Nemerow comprehensive pollution index showed that the pollution level of heavy metal elements in the soil under different treatment conditions was clean(safe).The evaluation of the potential ecological risk index further showed that the soil under different treatment conditions presented a slight risk level.(3)In terms of enrichment ability,alfalfa had a strong ability to absorb Cd.Except for Cd and Zn,other heavy metal elements were mainly concentrated in the root system.In terms of the migration ability,Cd had strongest migration ability,Pb and Co were the weakest,and the heavy metal content in the stems and leaves of the above-ground alfalfa met the feed hygiene standards.

关 键 词：煤气化渣 苜蓿 重金属 风险评价 富集与迁移 盆栽实验 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]