m^(6)A表观遗传修饰及其调控机制研究进展  

Research Progress on m^(6)A Epigenetic Modification and Its Regulation Mechanism

作　　者：史源钧 米思远 俞英[1] SHI Yuanjun;MI Siyuan;YU Ying(College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2022年第1期197-207,共11页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作项目(31961143009);北京市自然科学基金(6182021);北京市奶牛产业创新团队(BAIC06);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31272420);国家奶牛产业技术体系项目(CARS-36)。

摘　　要：N^(6)-甲基腺嘌呤(N^(6)-methyladenosine,m^(6)A)修饰是现阶段发现的真核生物体内最广泛的RNA表观遗传修饰方式,近年来研究显示,m^(6)A在真核生物间具有较高的保守性,在基因表达及细胞命运调控中发挥着关键作用,且对mRNA的可变剪接、定位、翻译及稳定性有较大影响。现有的m^(6)A修饰检测技术可以较为准确、高效地检测出生物样本中的m^(6)A修饰丰度,并能快速、简便地进行m^(6)A修饰的高通量测序,以及在单碱基分辨率下检测m^(6)A修饰在RNA上的位置。尽管m^(6)A修饰相关调控蛋白对畜禽复杂经济性状的影响近年来已有少量报道,但其中的作用机制仍未得到充分阐明。大量人类及模式生物上的研究表明,m^(6)A修饰相关蛋白能够影响生长发育、繁殖、热应激、炎症及癌症等生物学过程,为探究畜禽m^(6)A修饰参与复杂性状调控机制提供一定的借鉴意义。作者主要从m^(6)A甲基化修饰相关蛋白(甲基转移酶、去甲基化酶及读取蛋白)、m^(6)A检测技术、m^(6)A对哺乳动物复杂性状的调控机制、m^(6)A与其他表观修饰的互作机制等方面进行阐述,为m^(6)A在畜禽遗传育种中的应用提供新的见解。N^(6)-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)is the most prevalent epigenetic modification of eukaryotic RNA,it is highly conserved among eukaryotes and plays important roles in gene expression and cell fate determination.Meanwhile,it has great influence on mRNA processing,including alternative splicing,localization,translation efficiency and stability.The existing m^(6)A modification detection technology can accurately and efficiently detect the m^(6)A modification abundance in biological samples,quickly and easily carry out high-throughput sequencing of m^(6)A modification,and detect the position of m^(6)A modification on RNA at single base resolution.Although there are a few reports on m^(6)A-related proteins regulating animal complex economic traits,the mechanisms are still unclear.A lots of studies on humans and model organisms showed that m^(6)A-related proteins play the vital roles in lots of biological process,such as growth and development,reproduction,heat stress,inflammation and cancer,and these ideas and discoveries can provide a great reference for exploring the effect of m^(6)A on domestic animals’complex economic traits.The author mainly expounds m^(6)A methylation modification related proteins(writers,erasers and readers),m^(6)A detection technology,the regulation mechanism of m^(6)A on complex traits of mammals,and the interaction mechanism between m^(6)A and other eoigenetic modifications,so as to provide new insights for the application of m^(6)A in livestock and poultry genetic breeding.

关 键 词：N^(6)-甲基腺嘌呤(m^(6)A)修饰 畜禽 经济性状 分子调控机制 

分 类 号：S813.1[农业科学—畜牧学]