亚高温胁迫下不同昼夜温差对番茄秧苗生长和光合特性的影响  

Effects of Different Temperature Difference between Day and Night on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Tomato Seedlings under Sub High Temperature Stress

作　　者：黄媛[1,2] 李瑜玲 高欣娜[1,2] 武猛 杜亚茹[1,2] 康艺凡 陈诚 张燕 李海杰 杨英茹 HUANG Yuan;LI Yu-ling;GAO Xin-na;WU Meng;DU Ya-ru;KANG Yi-fan;CHEN Cheng;ZHANG Yan;LI Hai-jie;YANG Ying-ru(Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050041,China;Shijiazhuang Agricul-tural Information Engineering Technology Research Center/Hebei Urban Agriculture Technology Innovation Centers,Shijiazhuang 050041,China;National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture,Beijing 100000,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄市农林科学研究院,河北石家庄050041 [2]石家庄市农业信息化工程技术研究中心/河北省都市农业技术创新中心,河北石家庄050041 [3]国家农业信息化工程技术研究中心,北京100000

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2021年第6期38-42,50,共6页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河北省科技厅重点研发计划项目(19226919D);国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目(CARS-23-C06);石家庄市科学技术研究与发展计划项目(201490074A)。

摘　　要：为明确亚高温胁迫下不同昼夜温差对番茄秧苗期生长和光合特性的影响,以大果型番茄品种合作906为试材,在人工气候室模拟番茄苗的生长环境,以日温30℃、夜温26℃为对照(CK),研究了亚高温(日温35℃)条件下不同昼夜温差(0、3、6和9℃)处理对番茄苗株高相对生长速率、茎粗相对生长速率、壮苗指数以及叶片光合特性指标和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:日温35℃对番茄苗株高和茎粗生长速率均有一定的抑制作用,其中9℃昼夜温差处理的株高较CK降低较少(10.81%),茎粗生长速率与CK差异不大,且壮苗指数与CK接近。不同昼夜温差处理的番茄叶片气孔导度均高于CK,其中0℃昼夜温差处理的气孔张开程度最大,9℃昼夜温差处理的气孔张开程度与CK接近。35℃日温胁迫会导致番茄苗叶片光合能力降低,其中昼夜温度为9℃时水分利用效率较CK降低得最少(19.17%),更有利于叶片干物质的积累。在亚高温环境下,9℃昼夜温差有利于番茄苗生长。In order to make clear the effects of different temperature difference between day and night on the growth of tomato seedlings under sub high temperature stress,taking the large fruit tomato variety Hezuo 906 as the material,the seedlings were planted in an artificial climate chamber.The day temperature was 35℃,the temperature difference between day and night was set as 0,3,6 and 9℃,and the control(CK)was set as 30℃of day temperature and 26℃of night temperature.The effects of different temperature difference between day and night on the relative growth rate of plant height and stem diameter,strong seedling index,leaf photosynthet-ic characteristics and water use efficiency of tomato seedlings were studied under sub high temperature.The results showed that the day temperature of 35℃inhibit-ed the growth rate of plant height and stem diameter.With 9℃temperature difference treatment,the plant height decreased slightly(10.81%)compared with CK,the stem diameter growth rate had little differ-ence with CK,and the strong seedling index was close to CK.The stomatal conductance of tomato leaves treated with different day and night temperature difference was higher than CK,in which the stomatal opening degree of 0℃temperature difference treatment was the largest,and that of 9℃temperature difference treatment was close to CK.The day temperature of 35℃decreased the photosynthetic capacity of leaves.When the temperature difference treatment was 9℃the water use efficiency decreased the least(19.17%)than CK,which was more conducive to the accumulation of dry matter in leaves.In the sub high temperature environment,the temperature difference between day and night of 9℃was conducive to the growth of tomato seedlings.

关 键 词：亚高温 昼夜温差 番茄 幼苗生长 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]