红薯藤及其生物质炭还田对旱地红壤微生物活性及养分含量的影响  

Effects of Sweet Potato Vines and Their Biochar Returning on Soil Microbial Activity and Nutrient Contents of Dryland Red Soil

作　　者：郜茹茹 周际海 冯今萍 魏倩 成艳红[1] 黄欠如[1] 李大明[1] GAO Ruru;ZHOU Jihai;FENG Jinping;WEI Qian;CHENG Yanhong;HUANG Qianru;LI Daming(Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Red Soil Cultivated Land Conservation,Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil,Jinxian,Jiangxi 331717;Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education,School of Ecology and Environment,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu,Anhui 241002;Nanchang Institute of Technology,Nanchang,330099)

机构地区：[1]江西省红壤研究所江西省红壤耕地保育重点实验室,江西进贤331717 [2]安徽师范大学生态与环境学院,皖江流域退化生态系统的恢复与重建省部共建协同创新中心,安徽芜湖241002 [3]南昌工程学院,南昌330099

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2022年第1期346-351,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41661065,31760167);江西省红壤耕地保育重点实验室开放基金项目(2019HR001);国家红壤改良工程技术研究中心开放基金项目(2020NETRCRSI-10);安徽高校协同创新项目(GXXT-2020-075)。

摘　　要：为探究红薯藤及其生物质炭还田对旱地红壤微生物活性及养分含量的影响,通过田间定位试验,设置5个处理:(1)常规处理(CK);(2)3000 kg/hm^(2)红薯藤还田(S1);(3)6000 kg/hm^(2)红薯藤还田(S2);(4)1000 kg/hm^(2)红薯藤生物质炭还田(BC1);(5)2000 kg/hm^(2)红薯藤生物质炭还田(BC2),研究不同剂量红薯藤及其生物质炭还田对红壤微生物活性和养分含量的影响。结果表明:与CK相比,在0—10 cm土层中,BC1的土壤基础呼吸增加17.93%,S1、S2、BC2的土壤基础呼吸分别减少20.33%,10.10%,2.66%;在10—20 cm土层中,S2、BC1的土壤基础呼吸分别增加17.29%,0.41%,S1、BC2的土壤基础呼吸分别减少13.61%,16.93%;在20—30 cm土层中,S1、S2、BC1、BC2的土壤基础呼吸分别增加8.26%,48.94%,50.21%,38.59%。与CK相比,在0—10 cm土层中,S1、S2、BC1、BC2的土壤微生物量碳分别增加1.30%,6.09%,28.52%,39.64%;在10—20 cm土层中,S1、S2、BC1、BC2的土壤微生物量碳分别增加9.76%,16.72%,24.20%,54.32%;在20—30 cm土层中,S1、S2、BC1、BC2的土壤微生物量碳分别增加22.34%,39.27%,54.06%,84.09%。红薯藤及其生物质炭对土壤基础呼吸和土壤微生物量碳含量在一定程度上表现为促进作用,促进了土壤FDA水解酶和土壤脲酶活性,对土壤蔗糖酶活性的影响较小,生物质炭还田抑制了土壤FDA水解酶和土壤脲酶活性,对土壤蔗糖酶活性则表现为促进作用;红薯藤还田提高了土壤有机碳含量,而生物质炭还田降低了土壤有机碳含量;红薯藤及生物质炭还田均提高了土壤中水解氮、有效磷含量,在一定程度上可有效改善土壤理化性质、微生物活性,对提升土壤生态系统的稳定性具有重要意义。研究结果可为秸秆和生物质炭合理还田提供理论依据。In order to study the effects of different doses of sweet potato vine and their biochar returning to the field on microbial activity and nutrient contents of dryland red soil,field positioning experiment was conducted.In the experiment,five treatments were set up,which were conventional management(CK),3000 kg/hm^(2) sweet potato vine returning(S1),6000 kg/hm^(2) sweet potato vine returning(S2),1000 kg/hm^(2) sweet potato vine biochar returning(BC1)and 2000 kg/hm^(2) sweet potato vine biochar returning(BC2).The results showed that compared with CK,in the 0—10 cm soil layer,soil basal respiration of BC1 increased by 17.93%,while that of S1,S2 and BC2 decreased by 20.33%,10.10%and 2.66%,respectively.In the 10—20 cm soil layer,the soil basal respiration of S2 and BC1 increased by 17.29%and 0.41%,respectively,while that of S1 and BC2 decreased by 13.61%and 16.93%,respectively.In the 20—30 cm soil layer,the basal respiration of S1,S2,BC1 and BC2 increased by 8.26%,48.94%,50.21%and 38.59%,respectively.Compared with CK,the soil microbial biomass carbon of S1,S2,BC1 and BC2 treatment increased about 1.30%,6.09%,28.52%and 39.64%in the 0—10 cm soil layer,respectively.In the 10—20 cm soil layer,soil microbial biomass carbon of S1,S2,BC1 and BC2 increased by 9.76%,16.72%,24.20%and 54.32%,respectively.In the 20—30 cm soil layer,soil microbial biomass carbon of S1,S2,BC1 and BC2 increased by 22.34%,39.27%,54.06%and 84.09%,respectively.It showed that sweet potato vines and their biochar could promote the soil basal respiration and soil microbial biomass carbon content to a certain extent.Sweet potato vine returning promoted the activities of soil FDA hydrolase and soil urease,but had little effect on soil sucrase activity.Returning biochar to the field inhibited the activities of soil FDA hydrolase and soil urease,and promoted soil sucrase activity.Sweet potato vine returning increased the content of soil organic carbon,while biochar returning reduced that.Sweet potato vine and biochar returning both increased the co

关 键 词：红薯藤 生物质炭 微生物活性 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S156.1[农业科学—土壤学]