干旱土壤中生物炭对黑麦草生长的促进机制  

The Mechanism of Biochar Facilitate Ryegrass Growth in Arid Soils

作　　者：朱自洋 段文焱 陈芳媛[1,2] 李杉 陶文梅 唐睿裕 ZHU Ziyang;DUAN Wenyan;CHEN Fangyuan;LI Shan;TAO Wenmei;TANG Ruiyu(Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500;Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control in Soils,Kunming 650500)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院,昆明650500 [2]云南省土壤固碳与污染控制重点实验室,昆明650500

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2022年第1期352-359,共8页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41807377);昆明理工大学高层次人才平台建设项目(KKKP201722018)。

摘　　要：通过控制不同生物炭添加量和降水量,分析土壤理化性质及黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.)的各项生长指标,探究不同添加量的生物炭对缺水植物生长促进的直接与间接作用。结果表明:生物炭的添加可以提高土壤的田间持水率、土壤中速效磷的含量以及土壤的pH;干旱条件下,增加生物炭的用量能促进黑麦草植株的增高,但高剂量的生物炭抑制黑麦草的生长;生物炭加入并不能持续性的保持土壤中的水分,高浓度(>15%)的生物炭反而增大土壤中水分的流失,但由于生物炭中钾元素为植物对抗干旱提供了必要条件。适当添加生物炭(5%)可缓解黑麦草在缺水时生长发育受到的抑制作用,并促进黑麦草的根系生长以及保证较高的发芽率。土壤中添加生物炭对干旱条件下植物的生长有促进作用,有利于缓解植物受干旱胁迫的影响。In order to explore the direct and indirect effects of biochar on plant growth under water shortage condition,the growth indicators of ryegrass(Lolium perenne L.)and the physical and chemical properties of the soil were observed by controlling different addition of biochar and precipitation.The results showed that the addition of biochar could increase the field water holding capacity of the soil,the content of available phosphorus and soil pH.Under drought conditions,increasing the amount of biochar increased the height of ryegrass plants,but high-dose of biochars inhibited the growth of ryegrass.The addition of biochar could not maintain soil moisture,high concentration(>15%)of biochar even increased the loss of soil moisture,but because of the potassium in biochar,it could provide the necessary nutrient for ryegrass to fight against the drought condition.Our results showed that appropriate addition of biochar(5%)could alleviate the inhibition of the growth and development of ryegrass in the absence of water,and promote their root growth and ensure a higher germination rate.In a word,the addition of biochar to the soil could promote plant growth under drought conditions and help alleviate the effects of drought stress on plants.

关 键 词：生物炭毒性 干旱 植物根系 土壤改良 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]