明清小冰期对京杭大运河的影响与应对技术  

Influence of Little Ice Age in Ming and Qing Dynasties on Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and Its Countermeasures

作　　者：严欢 孙洪军[1] YAN Huan;SUN Hongjun(Institute of History of Science and Technology,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang 212100,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏科技大学科学技术史研究所,镇江212100

出　　处：《中国科技史杂志》2021年第4期509-522,共14页The Chinese Journal for the History of Science and Technology

摘　　要：明清时期全球气候进入一个相对寒冷的时期,学界称之为明清小冰期。小冰期的低温气候对大运河地区的生态环境、社会生活产生明显影响,小冰期使运河北段结冰期延长,使运河结冰区向南方延伸,对京杭大运河的通航产生消极影响。本文以“明清小冰期”的气候变化为背景,探究“小冰期”下严寒气候对京杭大运河的通航、堤防带来的影响,挖掘古人在恶劣气候环境下治河思想和发明的先进治河技术。During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the global climate entered a relatively cold period,which in the academic circles is called the Little Ice Age in Ming and Qing Dynasties.The low temperature climate during the Little Ice Age had a significant impact on the ecological environment and social life of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal area.The Little Ice Age extended the icing period of the northern section of the Canal,extended the canal icing area to the south,and had a negative impact on its navigation.Based on the climate change during the Little Ice Age in Ming and Qing Dynasties,this article examines the impact of the severe cold climate on the navigation and embankment of the Canal,and explores the scientific thoughts and inventions of river management by the ancient Chinese in the harsh climate environment.

关 键 词：京杭大运河 明清小冰期 治河技术 

分 类 号：N092[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学] P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]