河南烟区土壤有机碳组分特征及其对烟叶化学成分的影响  

Characteristics of soil organic carbon constituents and their effects on chemical components in tobacco leaves from Henan tobacco-planting areas

作　　者：张盟 翟振 梁太波[1] 戴华鑫[1] 张艳玲[1] ZHANG Meng;ZHAI Zhen;LIANG Taibo;DAI Huaxin;ZHANG Yanling(Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院,郑州450001

出　　处：《烟草科技》2022年第1期17-24,共8页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：国家烟草专卖局科技重点项目“基于烟田土壤碳氮平衡的有机碳作用机制及调控技术研究”(110201902004);中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院院长基金项目“玉米秸秆高效还田养分释放特性研究”(112018CA0140)。

摘　　要：为了明确河南典型烟区土壤有机碳库组分特征及其对烟叶化学成分含量(质量分数)的影响,采集分析了河南许昌、平顶山、洛阳和三门峡4个典型植烟区的土壤和烟叶样品。结果表明:①河南产区土壤总有机碳(TOC)、活性有机碳(AOC)、颗粒有机碳(POC)和溶解性有机碳(DOC)含量分布范围在3.72~13.80、0.26~0.74、0.96~4.39 g·kg^(-1)和40.71~168.09 mg·kg^(-1)之间;土壤AOC、DOC和POC含量占TOC含量的比例范围为3.19%~6.93%、0.34%~2.62%和14.33%~57.31%;土壤碳氮比在6.04~12.97之间。②土壤TOC、POC、AOC和DOC含量与土壤总氮、水解性氮含量呈显著正相关;土壤AOC、DOC含量与粉粒含量呈显著正相关,与砂粒含量呈显著负相关;POC/TOC与土壤总氮、水解性氮、黏粒、粉粒多个组分含量呈显著负相关,而与砂粒含量呈显著正相关。③土壤TOC和AOC含量及C/N升高,导致烟叶总糖、还原糖含量下降,而使烟叶总氮、总植物碱含量升高。POC/TOC与烟叶总糖、还原糖含量呈显著正相关,而与烟叶总氮、总植物碱含量呈极显著负相关。说明土壤有机碳各组分对土壤肥力及烟叶化学成分含量有重要影响。In order to clarify the characteristics of organic carbon constituents in soil of typical Henan tobacco-planting areas and their effects on the mass fraction of chemical components in tobacco leaves,soil and tobacco samples from four typical tobacco-growing regions,Xuchang,Pingdingshan,Luoyang and Sanmenxia,in Henan were collected and analyzed.The results showed that:1)The contents of total organic carbon(TOC),active organic carbon(AOC),particulate organic carbon(POC)and dissolved organic carbon(DOC)in soil of Henan tobacco-planting areas ranged from 3.72-13.80,0.26-0.74,0.96-4.39 g·kg^(-1) and 40.71-168.09 mg·kg^(-1),respectively.The content proportions of AOC,DOC and POC to TOC ranged from 3.19%to 6.93%,0.34%to 2.62%and 14.33%to 57.31%respectively.The carbon/nitrogen(C/N)ratio was between 6.04 to 12.97.2)The contents of TOC,POC,AOC and DOC significantly positively correlated with the contents of total nitrogen and hydrolytic nitrogen in soil.The contents of AOC and DOC significantly positively correlated with silt content and significantly negatively correlated with sand content.POC/TOC ratio negatively correlated with the contents of total nitrogen,hydrolytic nitrogen,clay and silt,but positively correlated with sand content.3)The increase in the contents of TOC and AOC and C/N ratio in soil led to the decrease of total sugar and reducing sugar contents as well as the increase of total nitrogen and total alkaloid in tobacco leaves.POC/TOC ratio positively correlated with total sugar and reducing sugar contents,but negatively correlated with total nitrogen and total alkaloid contents in tobacco leaves.These results indicated that soil organic carbon constituents had important influences on soil fertility and the chemical components in tobacco leaves.

关 键 词：河南烟区 土壤 烟叶 有机碳 化学成分 

分 类 号：S572.061[农业科学—烟草工业]