轮轨界面摩擦学转变结构层特性及其研究进展  

Characteristics of Tribological Transition Layers at Wheel-Rail Interface and Its Research Progress

作　　者：沈明学 刘鹏 周琰 王文健[3] 朱旻昊 SHEN Mingxue;LIU Peng;ZHOU Yan;WANG Wenjian;ZHU Minhao(School of Material Science and Engineering,East China Jiaotong University,Jiangxi Nanchang 330013,China;State Key Laboratory of Performance Monitoring and Guarantee of Rail Transport Infrastructure,East China Jiaotong University,Jiangxi Nanchang 330013,China;Traction Power State Key Laboratory,Southwest Jiaotong University,Sichuan Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学材料科学与工程学院,江西南昌330013 [2]华东交通大学轨道交通基础设施性能监测与保障国家重点实验室,江西南昌330013 [3]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《摩擦学学报》2021年第5期773-788,共16页Tribology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52061012);牵引动力国家重点实验室开放课题(TPL1906);江西省杰出青年基金(20212ACB214003);教育部“长江学者和创新团队发展计划”(IRT1178)资助。

摘　　要：摩擦学转变结构层是轮轨系统滚动接触过程中形成的典型损伤特征,其发生、发展及其演变过程对轮轨界面失效具有重要的影响.本文作者分析了轮轨界面摩擦学转变结构层[TTS,包括白色浸蚀层(WEL)、棕色浸蚀层(BEL)以及塑性变形层(PDL)]的典型特征和微观结构,重点讨论了当前轮轨界面TTS的研究现状及在形成机制上的分歧和争论,并介绍了近年来国内外学者应用先进分析测试手段开展TTS研究的相关进展;归纳总结了TTS对轮轨界面损伤的主要贡献,最后重申了TTS在轮轨摩擦学研究中的重要性并提出了今后研究的发展方向.【Objective】Tribologically transformed structure(TTS) is an important characteristic structure,which is generated by the friction surface.More narrowly conceived,the TTS is usually regarded as a hardened layer formed on the surface of the tribo-pairs,which is a hardened layer with ultra-fine grains,high hardness and brittleness,and no obvious characteristics under optical microscopy,but not easily etched relative to the substrate.The TTS layer is also a typical damage characteristic induced by the rolling contact process of wheel-rail system.Its occurrence,development and evolution process have an important influence on the failure behaviors of wheel-rail interface,including surface wear,delamination,squat-type defect,fatigue crack initiation and propagation in the near surface.In the field of railway,white and brown layers are common tribologically transformed structure,which usually appear at the wheel-rail contact interface and involve changes in the microstructure of materials,and widely exist in various operating railway lines.Therefore,it is very important to carry out the research on the TTS layer to further reveal the wheel-rail interface damage.【Methods】This work expounded on the typical characteristics and microstructure of the TTS,including white etching layer(WEL),brown etching layer(BEL) and plastic deformation layer(PDL),at the wheel-rail interface were analyzed from tribological perspective,and the differences and commonalities of the WEL and BEL were compared.The arguments and disagreements on the formation mechanism(mainly including the thermal action phase transition mechanism,plastic deformation mechanism,and thermal-mechanical mechanism) and current research status of the TTS at wheel-rail interface are discussed in detail.The mechanical behavior of the TTS layer was analyzed based on the results of key indexes,such as fracture toughness,hardness and elastic modulus.In addition,some innovative analytical and testing methods used by domestic and foreign scholars in recent years to charac

关 键 词：轮轨摩擦学 摩擦学转变结构 白层 棕层 塑性变形 

分 类 号：TH117.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]