人的城镇化:农民工的城市劳动力市场融入  

The Assimilation of Rural Migrants in the Urban Labor Market

作　　者：卢晶亮 陈技伟 冯帅章 Lu Jingliang;Chen Jiwei;Feng Shuaizhang(Institute for Economic and Social Research,Jinan University;School of Economics,Jinan University)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学经济与社会研究院 [2]暨南大学经济学院

出　　处：《劳动经济研究》2021年第4期29-56,共28页Studies in Labor Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(71603103)的资助;国家自然科学基金面上项目(71773037、72073052);国家杰出青年科学基金项目(71425005);教育部长江学者特聘教授奖励计划(T2012069)的资助。

摘　　要：本文基于2013年和2017年中国家庭金融调查数据,分析了农民工和本地城镇居民在就业率、就业岗位分布、工资等劳动力市场表现方面的差异及其变化。研究发现,农民工的就业概率高于本地城镇居民,但两者之间的差异在缩小;两个群体的就业岗位分布存在明显差异,但就业分割程度在缩小;工资差异的分解结果显示,两个群体的工资决定机制有所趋同,个人特征差异尤其是受教育水平的差异是造成工资差异的主要因素。虽然农民工与本地城镇居民在劳动力市场表现方面的差异呈缩小趋势,但在进入国有部门就业方面仍然存在明显障碍。政策应着力破除农民工遭受的就业歧视,提高他们在城市劳动力市场上的融入程度。Using data from the China Household Finance Survey in 2013 and 2017,this paper examines the differences in employment rate,occupational distribution,and wage between rural migrants and urban residents.The main findings are as follows.First,the overall employment rate of rural migrants is higher than that of urban residents,and the gap has been shrinking.Second,there are significant differences in the distribution of jobs between the two groups,but the degree of employment segmentation is narrowing.Third,the decomposition of the wage differential shows that there is a convergence in the wage determination mechanism between the two groups and that differences in personal characteristics,especially in education level,are the main factors contributing to the wage differential.Although the differences in labor market outcomes between rural migrants and urban residents have shown a narrowing trend,there are still obvious obstacles to entering the state sector for rural migrants.Policies should focus on eliminating employment discrimination suffered by rural migrants and improve their integration in the urban labor market.

关 键 词：农民工 本地城镇居民 劳动力市场表现 

分 类 号：F323.6[经济管理—产业经济] F249.2