我国三省典型稀土矿区和非矿区居民日常饮水中稀土元素含量调查及比较研究  

Investigation of rare earth elements in drinking water of typical rare earth mining and non-mining areas in three provinces of China

作　　者：楼敏涵 王彝白纳 隋海霞 毛伟峰 张磊 刘兆平 王茵 雍凌 宋雁 LOU Minhan;WANG Yibaina;SUI Haixia;MAO Weifeng;ZHANG Lei;LIU Zhaoping;WANG Yin;YONG Ling;SONG Yan(China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment,Beijing 100022,China;Hangzhou Medical College,Zhejiang Hangzhou 310019,China)

机构地区：[1]国家食品安全风险评估中心,北京100022 [2]杭州医学院,浙江杭州310019

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2021年第6期771-777,共7页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1603103);国家自然科学基金(82073559)。

摘　　要：目的了解我国山东、广东和江西三省典型稀土矿区居民日常饮水中稀土元素(Rare earth elements, REEs)含量及分布规律,并与非矿区进行比较。方法选择山东、广东和江西三省的典型稀土矿区及非矿区居民,采用双份饭方法开展连续3 d 24 h膳食调查,收集受访者每天饮水样本。采用电感耦合等离子质谱法测定饮水样本中镧(La)、铈(Ce)、镨(Pr)、钕(Nd)、钐(Sm)、铕(Eu)、钆(Gd)、铽(Tb)、镝(Dy)、钬(Ho)、铒(Er)、铥(Tm)、镱(Yb)、镥(Lu))、钪(Sc)、钇(Y)16种REEs含量。结果矿区和非矿区饮水各REEs检出率范围分别为12.98%~86.64%和1.07%~69.04%。矿区饮水中总REEs含量均值为6.974μg/L,以Ce、La、Nd、Y、Sc、Pr为主(约占总REEs的90%),最大值为178.290μg/L。非矿区饮水中总REE含量均值为0.772μg/L,显著低于矿区饮水总REEs水平(P<0.05);除Tb、Ho、Tm外,矿区饮水中各种REE的含量均显著高于非矿区(P<0.05)。广东、江西两省矿区饮水中总REEs平均含量高于非矿区(P<0.05),分别为非矿区饮水中REEs含量的90倍和2倍。山东矿区饮水总REEs含量均值虽高于非矿区,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论我国三个主要稀土矿区居民饮水中REEs含量普遍高于非矿区,应进一步开展矿区居民饮水REEs暴露风险评估,分析矿区居民饮水安全性。Objective To explore the concentrations of rare earth elements(Rare earth elements, REEs) in drinking water in rare earth mining and non-mining areas in Shandong, Guangdong, and Jiangxi provinces of China. Methods Typical rare earth mining areas and 3 non-mining areas in the 3 provinces were selected for investigation. Drinking water of people in mining areas and non-mining areas were collected for 3 consecutive days by duplicate portion method. The contents of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Sc and Y in water samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS). Results The detection rate of each REEs in drinking water of mining and non-mining area was 12.98% to 86.64% and 1.07% to 69.04%, respectively. The average content of total REEs in drinking water in the mining area was 6.974 μg/L, with the maximum of 178.290 μg/L. The main elements were Ce, La, Nd, Y, Sc and Pr(≈90.0%). The average content of total REEs in drinking water in non-mining area was 0.772 μg/L, significantly lower than that in mining area(P<0.05);except for Tb, Ho and Tm, the contents of other REEs in drinking water from mining areas were significantly higher than those from non-mining areas(P<0.05). The total REEs contents in drinking water of mining areas in Guangdong and Jiangxi provinces were higher than that of non-mining areas(P<0.05), which were 90 times and 2 times of those of non-mining areas in average respectively. The average content of total REEs in drinking water of mining area in Shandong was higher than that of non-mining area, but with no statistical difference(P>0.05). Conclusion The contents of REEs in drinking water of mining area are higher than that of non-mining areas. Risk assessment of REEs exposure by drinking water should be further carried out for residents in mining areas.

关 键 词：稀土元素 稀土矿区 双份饭 饮水 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]