老年烧伤患者心理状况多维度调查及影响因素分析  

Multi-Dimensional Survey and Analysis of Influential Factors of the Psychological States in Older Burn Patients

作　　者：赵瑾 叶怡 庄园 沈碧玉[2] Zhao Jin;Ye Yi;Zhuang Yuan;Shen Biyu(Suzhou Science and Technology City Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical Uni versity,Suzhou 215153;Affiliated Hospital of Nantong Uni vers by,Nantong 226000)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属苏州科技城医院,苏州215153 [2]南通大学附属医院,南通226000

出　　处：《国际老年医学杂志》2022年第1期31-35,共5页International Journal of Geriatrics

基　　金：江苏省青年医学重点人才基金(QNRC2016409)。

摘　　要：目的对老年烧伤患者心理状况进行多维度调查,分析影响其心理状态的因素。方法选择2016年2月~2019年6月南通大学附属医院烧伤科收治的224例老年烧伤患者,采用自行设计的心理状态多维度调查问卷评估患者心理障碍程度。收集患者社会人口学资料、烧伤相关信息、住院时间,采用社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、艾森克人格问卷中国简式量表问卷(EPQ-RSC)、心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)评估患者社会支持力度、性格特征、心理弹性。结果共发放问卷224份,有效回收问卷217份,有效回收率96.88%。老年烧伤患者轻度心理障碍检出率37.79%(82例),中度心理障碍检出率36.41%(79例),重度心理障碍检出率25.81%(56例)。单因素分析显示性别、婚姻状态、文化程度、家庭经济收入、医疗支付形式、SSRS评分、性格分型、CD-RISC评分、烧伤部位、烧伤面积、烧伤分度、住院时间均与老年烧伤患者心理状态有关(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示女性、小学文化程度、家庭经济收入<3000元/月、大面积烧伤、面颈部烧伤、SSRS评分≤22分、内向型性格是影响老年烧伤患者心理状态的主要因素(P<0.05)。结论老年烧伤患者普遍存在不同程度心理障碍,女性、文化程度低、家庭经济收入低、烧伤面积大、面颈部烧伤、社会支持力度薄弱、内向型性格是烧伤后产生中重度心理障碍的高危因素。Objective To investigate the psychological states of older burn patients, and analyze its influential factors.Methods A total of 224 older burn patients admitted to Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from February 2016 to June 2019 were enrolled, and their psychological states were assessed by a self-designed multi-dimensional questionnaire.Social demographic data, burn related information, and length of stay were collected.Social support rating scale(SSRS),eysenck personality questionnaire-RSC(EPQ-RSC),and connor-davidson-resilience scale(CD-RISC) were used to evaluate social support, personality characteristics, and mental resilience.Results A total of 224 questionnaires were distributed and 217 of them were effectively recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 96.88%.The detection rates of mild, moderate and severe psychological disorders in older burn patients were 37.79%(82 cases),36.41%(79 cases),and 25.81%(56 cases),respectively.Univariate analysis showed that gender, marital status, education level, family income, medical payment form, SSRS score, personality type, CD-RISC score, burn site, burn area, burn degree and length of stay were all related to the psychological states of older burn patients(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female, primary school education, family income<3,000 yuan/month, large area burns, face and neck burns, SSRS score≤22,introverted personality were the main factors affecting the psychological states of older burn patients(P<0.05).Conclusion There are different degrees of psychological disorders in older burn patients.Female, low education level, low family income, large burn area, face and neck burn, weak social support, introverted personality are the risk factors for moderate and severe psychological disorders after burn.

关 键 词：烧伤 心理状况 女性 社会支持 烧伤面积 

分 类 号：R644[医药卫生—外科学]