以耳代目 :早期有声书的发明及其在中文世界的回响  

Read through the Ear:The Invention of Early Audiobooks and Their Reverberations in the Chinese World

作　　者：冯闻文 Feng Wenwen(The Institute for Jiangnan Culture,Jiangnan University,Wuxi,214122)

机构地区：[1]江南大学江南文化研究院,无锡214122

出　　处：《出版科学》2022年第1期108-113,共6页Publishing Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国特殊教育通史”(21&ZD221)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：1930年代,依托留声机和密纹唱片制作的有声书在美国发明,其突破的关键性壁垒在于唱片存储内容和播放时长的限制。民国报刊对有声书的介绍,清晰地呈现了其发明历史及基本原理,展现出国人对有声书发明的敏感与关切。而通过钩沉有声书发明前史,即能发现早在1920年代,以文字转码为方式的活字留声片曾成为前人实现以耳代目的可行路径,其技术原理同样得到民国报刊的关注与介绍。因为有声书发明的初心是为了盲人教育事业,所以以扩大存储内容、延长播放时间为方式、以语音为内容的有声书唱片得到了广泛的社会接受。有声书发明的实现及发展,亦体现出技术发明的合规律性与合目的性相持而长的深层次关系。In the 1930s,on the basis of gramophone and LP record,talking books were invented in the United States.The key barriers to break through in the process of invention of talking book records was the limited capacity.Chinese newspapers and periodicals began to introduce the invention of talking books.These articles clearly present the early history and basic principles of talking books,and demonstrate the sensitivity and concern of Chinese people on this invention.Probing into prehistory of talking books,in the 1920s,shrinking the storage unit had once become a feasible path to realization of audio books.Since the original intention of the invention of audiobooks was for the education of the blind,expanded audiobook records with human voice as content were accepted by the society.And the further development of this invention reflects the deep relationship between the regularity and purpose of the technical invention.

关 键 词：有声书 留声机 密纹唱片 盲人教育 

分 类 号：G239[文化科学]