年径流总量控制率优化研究  

Optimization Study on the Control Rate of the Annual Runoff Volume

作　　者：陈佳[1] 郭渠[2] 李瑞[3] 何慧根[2] Chen Jia;Guo Qu;Li Rui;He Huigeng(Suining Meteorological Office, Suining 629000, China;Chongqing Climate Center, Chongqing 401147, China;Jinan Meteorological Office, Jinan 250102, China)

机构地区：[1]四川省遂宁市气象局,四川遂宁629000 [2]重庆市气候中心,重庆401147 [3]济南市气象局,济南250102

出　　处：《气象与环境科学》2022年第1期48-54,共7页Meteorological and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41875111);中国气象局预报员专项(CMAYBY2019-096);中国气象局预报预测经费数值模式发展专项(YBSZMSXM(2019)-03)。

摘　　要：年径流总量控制率是海绵城市建设中的重要指标,在实际应用中受到业界高度关注。为了提高年径流总量控制率指标的针对性与规范性,有必要根据城市降水气候特征,并结合地形条件对该指标进行优化。为此,利用重庆市主城区4个国家气象站(北碚、渝北、巴南和沙坪坝站)1981-2018年日降水数据和225个区域自动气象站2013-2018年日降水资料,采用《海绵城市建设技术指南(试行)》(下称《指南》)推荐方法,分别计算4个国家气象站的年径流总量控制率及其对应的设计降雨量;根据主城区降水空间分布和各月变化特征,优化年径流总量控制率指标。结果表明:沙坪坝、北碚、渝北站采用19812018年资料计算的60%-85%年径流总量控制率对应的设计降雨量较《指南》中的偏大,而巴南站的则相反。重庆市主城区年降水量主要集中在4-10月,占全年总量的85.5%,采用每年410月日降水资料对年径流总量控制率对应的设计降雨量推算优化,推算结果较优化前的偏大,如在85%的年径流总量控制率条件,北碚、渝北、巴南、沙坪坝站优化后设计降雨量分别偏大3.2、3.2、2.9和2.8 mm。根据主城区降水空间分布特征,划定了年径流总量控制率指标在重庆主城区的适用范围。The control rate of the annual runoff volume is the core index of the sponge city planning and construction,so it is highly concerned in practical application.In order to improve the pertinence and standardization of annual runoff total control rate index and provide better references for the construction of local sponge cities,it is necessary to optimize this index considering the climatic characteristics of urban rainfall and the complex terrain.Adopting the recommended method of Technical Guide for Sponge City Construction(Trial)(hereinafter referred to as“Technical Guide”),we calculate the control rates of annual runoff volume and corresponding design precipitation of the four national weather stations(Beibei,Yubei,Banan and Shapingba)in the main urban area of Chongqing,respectively,by using the 19812018 daily rainfall data from the four stations and the 20132018 daily rainfall observations provided by 225 regional automatic weather stations.Besides,based on the spatial distribution and monthly changes of rainfall in the main urban area of Chongqing,the control rate of annual runoff volume is optimized.The results are as follows.For the Shapingba,Beibei and Yubei stations,the design precipitation corresponding to the 60%—85%of control rate of the annual runoff volume is larger than that in Technical Guide,while the design rainfall for the Banan station is opposite.The precipitation in the main urban area of Chongqing occurs mainly from April to October,accounting for 85.5%of the whole year’s precipitation amount.By using the annual daily rainfall from April to October,the design rainfall corresponding to the control rate of the annual runoff volume is optimized,and the result is found larger than that before optimization.To be in detail,under the 85%of control rate of the annual runoff volume,the design rainfall for Beibei,Yubei,Banan and Shapingba stations after optimization is more than that before optimization by 3.2 mm,3.2 mm,2.9 mm and 2.8 mm,respectively.According to the spatial distribution of

关 键 词：海绵城市 年径流总量控制率 设计降雨量 重庆 

分 类 号：P333.2[天文地球—水文科学]