木质纤维素生物质厌氧发酵沼渣热化学转化利用研究进展  

Thermochemical conversion and utilization of digestates from anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic biomass

作　　者：张德俐[1,2] 王芳 易维明[1,2] 李志合 李永军[1,2] 柳善建 Zhang Deli;Wang Fang;Yi Weiming;Li Zhihe;Li Yongjun;Liu Shanjian(School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,China;Shandong Research Center of Engineering&Technology for Clean Energy,Zibo 255000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院,淄博255000 [2]山东省清洁能源工程技术研究中心,淄博255000

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2021年第21期225-236,共12页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1100602);国家自然科学基金(51536009);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2019BEE049)。

摘　　要：厌氧发酵技术可以将木质纤维素生物质转化为沼气,并伴随副产物沼渣产生。随着大型沼气工程的发展,大量沼渣排放已成为厌氧发酵技术推广应用的主要限制因素之一,亟须对沼渣进行快速有效处理。其中,沼渣的热化学转化利用符合大型沼气工程发展趋势,是当前的研究热点之一。首先分析木质纤维素沼渣的原料特性与热化学转化潜力;再对沼渣成型燃料、热解以及水热炭化等领域的研究现状进行分析,着重对沼渣衍生产物特性、热化学转化过程中存在的问题以及与厌氧发酵结合的潜在优势等方面进行讨论;最后,对沼渣热化学转化的发展趋势进行了展望。木质纤维素生物质厌氧发酵与沼渣热化学转化结合的应用模式研究对大型沼气工程推广应用具有一定的科学意义。Anaerobic digestion can be widely used to convert the lignocellulosic biomass into biogas,particularly with the by-product digestates.A large amount of digestate discharge has been one of the most limiting factors for the promotion and application of anaerobic digestion,with the development of large-scale biogas engineering in recent years.It is highly urgent to rapidly and effectively treat the digestate.Alternatively,the thermochemical conversion can be selected to realize the harmless treatment and resource utilization of lignocellulosic digestates.The digestates still retain most of the carbon elements and energy in the original material before digestion.The content of lignocellulosic is also very considerable for a large potential of thermochemical conversion.Therefore,this review aims to focus on the digestates forming fuel,pyrolysis,and hydrothermal carbonization.The forming performance of digestates was better than that before digestion,but the NOx emission and slagging phenomenon during the combustion were outstanding to be monitored and controlled.In pyrolysis,the lignocellulosic digestates presented the application potential in the preparation of liquid fuels,phenolic compounds,carbon-based adsorbents,soil amendments,and syngas synthesis.Specifically,the digestate derived bio-oil behaved a much higher calorific value while a lower acid content,where the relative content of 4-vinylphenol reached 60.9%.The pore structure of the biochar was also developed to contain more nutrients,such as P and K.The gaseous product presented a more suitable H_(2) to CO molar ratio with less tar.However,the conversion application in the combustion and pyrolysis was confined to the drying energy consumption caused by the high water content of digestates.In comparison,the drying energy consumption was ignored before hydrothermal carbonization.At the same time,hydrothermal carbonization was used to improve the quality of digestates fuel,including the removal of alkali and alkaline earth metals,the higher calorific value,as w

关 键 词：生物质 厌氧发酵 热解 沼渣 燃烧 水热炭化 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]