球形纳米CuO@AP核壳粒子的制备与性能表征  

Preparation and Properties of Spherical Nano CuO@AP Core-Shell Particles

作　　者：孙森森 曹新富 于浩淼 张志苗 王德齐 高建兵 刘杰[1] 李凤生[1] SUN Sen-sen;CAO Xin-fu;YU Hao-miao;ZHANG Zhi-miao;WANG De-qi;GAO Jian-bing;LIU Jie;LI Feng-sheng(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology&National Special Superfine Powder Engineering Research Center of China,Nanjing 210094,China;Inner Mongolia Synthetic Chemical Engineering Institute,Huhhot 010010,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化学与化工学院&国家特种超细粉体工程技术研究中心,江苏南京210094 [2]内蒙合成化工研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2021年第6期844-850,共7页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

摘　　要：为了改善纳米氧化铜(CuO)的分散性,提高高氯酸铵(AP)的热分解性能,采用溶剂-非溶剂重结晶法制备球形纳米CuO@AP核壳粒子;通过扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射仪、红外光谱仪、TG-DSC同步热分析仪、撞击感度仪对所制备样品的形貌、晶体结构、热分解性能和撞击感度进行表征,并与原料AP、纳米CuO/AP混合物进行比较。结果表明,纳米CuO@AP以纳米CuO为核,AP为壳,球形度较好;相比于原料AP和纳米CuO/AP混合物,纳米CuO@AP的高温分解峰温分别降低100.33℃和19.27℃,速率常数提高112.35倍和1.19倍,撞击感度降低70.14%和41.23%;表明该核壳粒子的热分解性能得到改善,降感效果显著。In order to improve the dispersion of nano copper oxide(CuO)and the thermal decomposition performance of ammonium perchlorate(AP),spherical nano CuO@AP core-shell particles were prepared by solvent-nonsolvent recrystallization method.The morphology,crystal structure,thermal decomposition properties and impact sensitivity of nano CuO@AP were characterized by SEM,TEM,XRD,FTIR,TG-DSC synchronous thermal analyzer and impact sensitivity instrument,and compared with those of raw AP and nano CuO/AP mixture.The results indicate that the sphericity of nano CuO@AP with nano CuO as core and AP as shell is good.Compared with raw AP and nano CuO/AP mixture,the peak value of high temperature decomposition of nano CuO@AP decreases by 100.33℃and 19.27℃,and the rate constant increases by 112.35 times and 1.19 times,and the impact sensitivity decreases by 70.14%and 41.23%,respectively.The thermal decomposition property of the nano CuO@AP core-shell particles is improved and the desensitization effect is remarkable.

关 键 词：材料科学 纳米氧化铜 高氯酸铵(AP) 核壳结构 热分解 撞击感度 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ560[化学工程—炸药化工]