静电喷雾法制备纳米BTF炸药及其性能表征  

Preparation and Characterization of Nano-BTF Explosive Through Electrostatic Spray Method

作　　者：冀威 徐宇轩 王韬 王敦举 JI Wei;XU Yu-xuan;WANG Tao;WANG Dun-ju(School of Defense Science and Technology,Southwest University of Science and Technology&Sichuan Collaborative Innovation Center for New Energetic Materials,Mianyang Sichuan 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学国防科技学院&四川省新型含能材料军民融合协同创新中心,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2021年第6期851-855,共5页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.22005253);四川省科技计划项目(No.19YYJC0788)。

摘　　要：为提高苯并三氧化呋咱(BTF)的安全性能,通过静电喷雾技术制备了纳米BTF炸药,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和激光粒度仪观察其形貌和粒度;采用热重-差示扫描量热仪(TG-DSC)、5s爆发点实验和撞击感度测试分析了原料BTF和细化BTF的性能。结果表明,BTF炸药呈类球形,粒径在300~500nm之间,中值粒径为388.7nm;经静电喷雾后,细化BTF的表观活化能(141.27kJ/mol)比原料BTF(191.13kJ/mol)降低了49.86kJ/mol,热爆炸临界温度提高了14.06K,热稳定性在一定程度上得到提高;细化BTF的5s爆发点温度(546.27K)比原料BTF(532.21K)提高了5.34K,热感度降低;细化BTF的特性落高(52.24cm)比原料BTF(20.52cm)提高了31.72cm,爆炸百分数由72%降至48%,降感效果明显。In order to improve the safety performance of benzotrioxofurazan(BTF),nano-sized BTF was prepared by electrostatic spray technology.The morphology and granularity of samples was observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and laser particle size analyzer,the thermal stability,5s explosion temperature as well as mechanical sensitivity were measured.The results showed that the prepared BTF explosive was spherical with particle size ranging from 300-500nm and its median particle size was 388.7nm.The apparent activation energy of the nano-BTF decreased from 191.13 to 141.27kJ/mol.Compared to raw BTF,the critical explosion temperature of the nano-BTF increased from 532.21 to 546.27K,which suggested that the thermal stability of nano-BTF was better than that of raw BTF.The 5s explosion temperature increased from 532.21 to 546.27K,indicating that the thermal sensitivity of the nano-BTF reduced.The characteristic drop heights for raw BTF and nano-BTF were 20.52 and 52.24cm,respectively.The friction sensitivitie of BTF was reduced from 72%to 48%,showing that the reducing sensitivity effect is obvious.

关 键 词：物理化学 静电喷雾法 苯并三氧化呋咱(BTF) 热感度 撞击感度 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O64[理学—物理化学]