积跬步以至千里--德国法兰克福城市绿带发展史与“慢营建”实践  

Small Steps,Big Changes:The Development History and Pragmatic Low-speed Implementation of the Urban Greenbelt in Frankfurt,Germany

作　　者：魏霖霖 约格·戴特玛 Wei Linlin;Joerg Dettmar

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生态学与环境科学学院 [2]德国达姆施塔特工业大学建筑学院

出　　处：《国际城市规划》2021年第6期118-126,共9页Urban Planning International

摘　　要：城市绿色开放空间可以改善城市生态环境、提高居民生活质量,是营造城市意象与梳理城市结构的关键元素,其重要性得到越来越多的认同。然而绿地生态系统的有机性与城市自身的复杂性决定了绿色开放空间的营建不仅需要综合性规划设计,更需要一套完整的基于地方背景的长期建设与维护方案,才能保证绿色空间与城市的共同生长。德国法兰克福虽作为欧洲金融中心而闻名,但其高质量的城市生态环境才是其可持续发展的基础。本文追溯法兰克福城市核心绿色空间即城市绿带的发展建设史,从规划设计、管理结构、法律法规和实施保障等多个角度,展示其基于长期大量小型项目等"慢营建"策略对城市生态空间意象与居民绿色认知的塑造,分析这种实施策略的适用背景与优势劣势,指出其对我国城市绿色空间建设的重要借鉴意义。Urban green space can improve the urban ecological statement and the living quality of residents. It is also the key element of urban image and urban spatial structure. However, the organic nature of the green space ecosystem and the complexity of the city itself lead to the fact that the forming of good green open space requires not only comprehensive planning and design, but also a complete set of long-term implementation and maintenance strategy based on local context, to ensure the mutual development of both green space and built area. For instance,Frankfurt am Main is famous as the European financial center, but its high-quality open space system is the actual foundation for urban sustainable development. The history of the Frankfurt Greenbelt from multiple aspects including plans, relative acts and regulations, organizational structure, as well as governance and implementation measurements are firstly reviewed. Then, the study specifically demonstrates the “pragmatic low-speed implementation strategy” which is based on long-term smallscale projects and how it works on the forming of urban green image as well as the green recognition of residents. Finally, the study analyses the critical characteristics of the strategy and points out the suitability and operability of the strategy in the updating of urban green space system in China.

关 键 词：城市绿色空间 城市绿带 慢营建策略 规划实践 长期运营维护 管理模式 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]