两种职业健康风险评估法在煤矿企业粉尘危害评估的应用  

Application of two occupational health risk assessment methods for dust hazard assessment in coal mines

作　　者：邱乐平[1] 叶萌[2] 阴旅宁 张成云[1] QIU Le-ping;YE Meng;YIN Lyu-ning;ZHANG Cheng-yun(Occupational Radiation Institute,Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu Sichuan,610041,China;Occupational Health and Poisoning Control Institute,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,100050,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心职辐所,四川成都610041 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所,北京100050

出　　处：《职业与健康》2021年第24期3313-3315,3320,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：国家科学基金项目(81472956);职业健康风险评估与国家职业卫生标准制定项目(1311400010903)。

摘　　要：目的比较两种职业健康风险评估法对煤矿企业重点工作场所粉尘危害评估的应用,探讨其适用性。方法2019年1—12月,利用职业健康风险指数法和国际采矿与金属委员会(International Council on Mining and Mentals,ICMM)定量评估法对四川省15家煤矿企业的重点粉尘作业岗位进行职业健康风险评估。结果15家煤矿企业8个岗位的120个风险评估结果中,职业健康风险指数法评估结果风险等级为4级以上的36个,占总数的30.00%;ICMM定量评估法评估结果风险等级为4级以上的99个,占总岗位数的82.50%。结论两种评估方法均能在一定程度上评估和预测粉尘的职业健康风险,ICMM定量法评估结果更为严格,风险指数法考虑了工程防护、个体防护等作业条件更能反映企业的实际风险。Objective To compare the application of two occupational health risk assessment methods for dust hazard assessment in key workplaces of coal mines and explore their applicability.Methods The occupational health risk index method and quantitative assessment method by the International commission on mining and metals(ICMM)were used to evaluate the occupational health risk of key dust working posts in 15 coal mining enterprises in Sichuan Province from January to December 2019.Results Of the120 risk assessment results from 8 posts in 15 coal mines,36 had an outcome risk grade of 4 or more assessed by the occupational health risk index method,accounting for 30.00% of total,and 99 had an outcome risk grade of 4 or more assessed by the ICMM quantitative assessment method,accounting for 82.50% of the total number of posts.Conclusion Both assessment methods could evaluate and predict the occupational health risk of dust to some extent.The ICMM quantitative method gives more rigorous evaluation results,the risk index method considers the operating conditions such as engineering protection and individual protection,which can better reflect the actual risk of the enterprise.

关 键 词：煤矿企业 粉尘 职业健康风险评估方法 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]