2010—2020年北京市朝阳区梅毒流行特征分析  

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of syphilis in Chaoyang District of Beijing from 2010-2020

作　　者：宋亮[1] 李欣格 丁海峰[1] 姜树林[1] 王丽娟[1] 魏云芳[1] SONG Liang;LI Xin-ge;DING Hai-feng;JIANG Shu-lin;WANG Li-juan;WEI Yun-fang(STD/AIDS Prevention and Treatment Department,Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,100021,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治科,北京100021

出　　处：《职业与健康》2021年第24期3389-3393,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2018ZX10715005)。

摘　　要：目的分析北京市朝阳区梅毒流行特征和趋势,为制定控制对策提供依据。方法对2010—2020年通过"中国疾病预防控制信息系统"报告的朝阳区梅毒病例进行分析。结果2010—2020年北京市朝阳区累计报告梅毒12742例,隐性梅毒构成比最高(58.94%),且隐性梅毒构成比快速增长(χ^(2)=32.88,P<0.01),从2010年的45.02%上升到2020年的71.38%。2010—2020年朝阳区梅毒报告发病率总体上呈下降趋势(χ^(2)=33.73,P<0.01),2010年报告发病率最高(37.54/10万),2020年报告发病率最低(25.66/10万)。如不考虑受新冠肺炎疫情影响的2020年,2010—2019年梅毒总体和早期梅毒(一期和二期梅毒)报告发病率呈下降趋势(χ^(2)=8.65、217.03、69.66,均P<0.01),而隐性梅毒发病率呈上升趋势(χ^(2)=82.30,P<0.01)。梅毒高发年龄段为≥60和20~<40岁:其中早期梅毒发病集中在20~<30岁,隐性梅毒发病集中在≥70岁。报告病例数男女性别比范围为1.10~2.01,2010年性别比最低,2018年最高。职业分布以家务和待业最多(39.59%),其次为离退人员(17.77%)和商业服务(12.93%)。结论北京市朝阳区早期梅毒发病呈下降趋势,但隐性梅毒发病出现上升态势,≥60岁及以上老年人群发病率较高,应根据梅毒流行特征采取有效干预措施控制传播。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trends of syphilis in Chaoyang District of Beijing,provides basis for formulating control countermeasures.Methods The information of syphilis cases in Chaoyang District from 2010 to 2020 obtained from China System for Disease Control and Prevention were analyzed.Results Totally 12742 syphilis cases were reported in Chaoyang District,Beijing from 2010 to 2020.Of the cases,the percentage of latent syphilis was the highest(58.94%),and it increased rapidly from 45.02% in 2010 to 71.38% in 2020(χ^(2)=32.88,P<0.01).The incidence of syphilis in Chaoyang District showed a decreasing trend in general from 2010 to 2020(χ^(2)=33.73,P<0.01),with the highest incidence reported in 2010(37.54/lakh)and the lowest reported in 2020(25.66/lakh).Without regard to the year of 2020 that was impacted severely by Coronavirus Disease 2019,the incidences of the total syphilis and early syphilis(primary syphilis and secondary syphilis)were on the decrease during 2010-2019(χ^(2)=8.65,217.03,69.66,P<0.01),while that of latent syphilis was on the rise(χ^(2)=82.30,P<0.01).The high incidence of syphilis was concentrated in≥60 and 20-<40 years old.The cases of early syphilis were concentrated in20-<30 years old,and the cases of latent syphilis were concentrated in≥70 age group.The gender ratios of reported cases ranged1.10-2.01,with the lowest ratio in 2010 and the highest in 2018.For the occupation distribution,housework and u nemployment accounted for the highest proportion of syphilis cases(39.59%),followed by retirees(17.77%)and business services(12.93%).Conclusion The incidence of early syphilis in Chaoyang District of Beijing is decreasing.However,the incidence of latent syphilis is increasing,and the incidence is higher in the elderly population aged 60 and over.Effective intervention measures should be taken to control the spread of the disease based on the epidemic characteristics of syphilis.

关 键 词：梅毒 流行病学 发病率 

分 类 号：R181.81[医药卫生—流行病学]