大型民机货舱水基哈龙替代抑灭火技术研究进展  

Research progress on the water-based fire suppression and extinguishing technology as Halon replacement in large scale civil aircraft cargo compartment

作　　者：贺元骅 王景栋 陶波 吕志豪 HE Yuan-hua;WANG Jing-dong;TAO Bo;Lü Zhi-hao(College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering,Civil Aviation Flight University of China,Guanghan 618307,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民用航空飞行学院民航安全工程学院,四川广汉618307

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2021年第6期2513-2524,共12页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0809500)。

摘　　要：依据飞机货舱哈龙替代灭火技术发展趋势和高效灭火重大科技需求,首先阐述了机载细水雾灭火系统的组成及功能,分析了兼容机载供水供氮系统的低压双流体细水雾技术优势;其次综述了低压双流体细水雾喷头研发的技术路线、工况环境和喷头结构对细水雾雾场特性的影响,以及低压双流体细水雾的灭火效能和灭火机理;最后回顾了近年来国内外研究机构在飞机货舱中开展的全尺寸试验验证。基于此,提出对于新一代机载细水雾灭火系统,应强化货舱通风条件对细水雾雾场特性及灭火有效性影响的研究、低压环境下细水雾灭火有效性研究、不同特性细水雾灭火有效性研究,以及低压双流体细水雾持续灭火有效性研究。The fire suppression technology of aircraft cargo compartment has always been a research hotspot in the field of air transportation.As one of the alternative fire extinguishing agents for airborne Halons,water mist has always attracted people.Summarizing and analyzing the research progress of airborne water mist fire extinguishing technology can help people understand the advantages and development prospects of water mist fire extinguishing agent,and provide a certain reference for the development of airborne environmental protection fire extinguishing system.First,this paper summarized the minimum performance standard for aircraft cargo compartment Halon replacement fire suppression systems.Besides,we discussed the composition and function of the airborne water mist fire extinguishing system.The analysis shows that only low-pressure twin-fluid water mist can be compatible with the airborne water supply and nitrogen supply system.The research and development route of low-pressure twin-fluid water mist atomizer was introduced.The results show that the two-fluid atomization of water mist is mainly realized by the principle of pressure and ultrasonic resonance.Among them,ultrasonic atomization nozzle can improve the atomization effect and has the prospect of reducing aircraft empty weight.Third,we summarized the characteristics of the fog field under different working conditions and different nozzle structures.The results show that the characteristics of the fog field are mainly determined by gas flow rate,liquid flow rate,and nozzle structure size.Fourth,we summarized the fire extinguishing effect and mechanisms of low-pressure twin-fluid water mist.The results show that the low-pressure twin-fluid water mist has excellent fire-fighting efficiency,and the fire-extinguishing process of twin-fluid water mist contains the cooperative fire-fighting mechanisms of water mist and gas.Fifth,we reviewed the full-scale experimental verification of using water mist to extinguish aircraft cargo compartment fire in recent years

关 键 词：安全工程 机载灭火系统 低压细水雾 双流体喷头 超声雾化 雾场特性 灭火效能 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]