基于车-车碰撞仿真的驾乘人员损伤差异影响因素  

Factors influencing and determining the difference of passenger injury particularities based on vehicle-to-vehicle impact simulations

作　　者：刘朱紫[1,2] 尹若愚 邹铁方 LIU Zhu-zi;YIN Ruo-yu;ZOU Tie-fang(Medicine School of Changsha Social Work College,Changsha 410004,China;Key Laboratory of Safety Design and Reliability Technology for Engineering Vehicle,Hunan Province,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410114,China;School of Automobile and Mechanical Engineering,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410114,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙民政职业技术学院医学院,长沙410004 [2]长沙理工大学工程车辆安全性设计与可靠性技术湖南省重点实验室,长沙410114 [3]长沙理工大学汽车与机械工程学院,长沙410114

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2021年第6期2646-2651,共6页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51775056);湖南省教育厅优秀青年项目(19B035);工程车辆安全性设计与可靠性技术湖南省重点实验室开放基金项目(KF1605)。

摘　　要：为了解车-车碰撞事故中驾乘人员损伤差异影响因素,首先运用PC-Crash软件再现一例真实交通事故,通过分析面包车驾驶员的运动学及损伤响应,验证了其仿真车内乘员损伤的有效性,然后设计了包含6组车速、12个碰撞位置的72次试验,并通过仿真获得人体损伤数据,利用作图法分析所得数据。结果表明:当且仅当车速大于等于50 km/h时,驾乘人员头、胸、腿等部位的损伤才会出现明显差异,且差异程度随碰撞车速增加而增大;当车速大于50 km/h且碰撞位置在被撞车辆左侧或右侧前方时,驾乘人员各部位损伤差异最明显,其中又以腿部损伤最为突出,且靠近撞击侧乘员的损伤更严重。研究成果将为更好地利用损伤认定驾乘关系提供支持。The aim of the paper is to make known and disclose what positions and places the traveling vehicles hurt and injure the passengers and the different responses of the injuries to the vehicle-to-vehicle collisions.It is just for the said purpose that we would like to build up a real-world vehicle-to-vehicle collision mode and its feasibility to the passenger injury simulations to the said mode.For such a purpose,we have first of all made an attempt to reconstruct the actual situations or the status-in-situ of the PC-Crash through the comparison between the kinematic and injury response of the minibus drivers in such simulated cases.And,then,through the 72 simulated cases,including the 6 impact velocities and 12 impact positions,laid out and conducted by the PC-Crash,with the injuries of head,torso and lower legs to denote the impact force.And,finally,conclusions can be deduced with the graphing method to analyze those data obtained.And,last of all,it can be deduced that the injury of the passengers with different parts of their bodies,such as head,torso and lower legs only under the condition that the impact velocity is equal to or bigger than 50 km/h.And,then,there should be a significant distinction of the injury of different passengers in their different parts of bodies suppose that the velocity of the impact is greater than 50 km/h with the impact position being on the left or right side of the vehicle.Besides,of all the body parts impacted,the lower leg injuries should be most dangerous,for the more severe the lower legs hurt,the closer of the passengers to the bumped position.Thus,it can be concluded that the injury information should be potentially critical both for the driver and the passengers only on the condition that the impact velocity is greater that 50 km/h with the impact position being on the front side either on left or right of the vehicle.Thus,the research results we have gained can be in a position to provide a strong support for better use of injury identification both for the driver and the p

关 键 词：安全人体学 车-车碰撞 损伤 差异 仿真 

分 类 号：X928.03[环境科学与工程—安全科学] U461[机械工程—车辆工程]