基于GIS和RS的银川市城市生态环境质量动态监测与评价  

Monitoring and evaluation of ecology and environment quality of Yinchuan City based on GIS and RS

作　　者：张仙 陈理 马燕妮 黄芝 李瑜 ZHANG Xian;CHEN Li;MA Yan-ni;HUANG Zhi;LI Yu(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Airborne Geophysics and Remote Sensing Geology,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100083,China;College of City and Tourism,Hengyang Normal University,Hengyang 421002,Hunan,China;School of Information Engineering,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国自然资源航空物探遥感中心,北京100083 [2]自然资源部航空地球物理与遥感地质重点实验室,北京100083 [3]衡阳师范学院城市旅游学院,湖南衡阳421002 [4]中国地质大学(北京)信息工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2021年第6期2854-2864,共11页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：自然资源部航空地球物理与遥感地质重点实验室课题(2020YFL32)。

摘　　要：城市生态环境质量的监测和评价对于城市可持续发展具有重要意义。为准确且直观地监测与评价银川市生态环境质量变化,以其主要建成区及周边地区为研究区,基于2002年、2009年和2016年3期Landsat遥感影像构建遥感生态指数(Remote Sensing Ecology Index,RSEI)模型,对研究区15年间的生态环境质量进行动态监测及评价,从时间和空间两个尺度分析生态环境变化情况;同时针对RSEI模型不宜应用于大面积水体的情况,对研究区水体变化情况单独进行分析;最后从自然因素和人为因素两个方面讨论了变化形成的驱动因素。结果表明:1)2002—2016年,较高和高等级RSEI面积持续减小,中等级和较低等级RSEI面积持续增加,低等级RSEI面积占比被减小至0.78%;2)生态环境质量变差的地区占到54.03%,主要为城市扩张的建成区,变好地区仅占13.22%,其中2009—2016年生态环境质量有所回升;3)研究区内水体情况变动较大,整体上对生态环境质量有负面影响;4)大部分面积生态环境质量变差主要归因于城市的扩张,而贯彻生态建设政策和发展生态农业经济,对稳定及改善研究区生态环境质量起到较好的作用。研究可为银川市城市环境保护、生态建设等决策提供依据。The paper aims at monitoring and evaluating the change of ecology and environment quality of Yinchuan City precisely and intuitively.For such a purpose,we take the urban build-up area and its surrounding area of Yinchuan City as the study area.Based on the Landsat remote sensing images of the study area in 2002,2009,and 2016,the model of remote sensing ecology index(RSEI) is built with normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),wetness(WET),normalized difference building,soil index(NDBSI) and land surface temperature(LST).Then,the ecology and environment quality of the study area in 2002-2016 was monitored and evaluated.The changes of the ecology and environment quality from temporal and spatial aspects were analyzed respectively.Besides,given that the condition that RSEI is not suitable for large-area water bodies,the change of water body was analyzed.At last,the driving factors were discussed from natural and artificial aspects.The results show that:(1) The area of high grade presented the downward trend all the time,while the medium grade presented the upward trend in 2002-2016.(2) The area in which ecology and environment quality deteriorated accounts for 54.03%,mainly the urban built-up area;While the improved area accounts for 13.22%.(3) The change of water body in the study area is obvious,which has a negative impact on the ecology and environment quality in general.(4) Most of the deteriorated areas attribute to the urban sprawl,and it has a positive impact on the stabilization and improvement of the ecology and environment quality in the study area to implement the ecological construction policy and develop the eco-agricultural economy.The study can provide a scientific basis for the decision of environmental protection and ecological construction in Yinchuan City.

关 键 词：环境学 生态环境监测 环境质量评价 RSEI 建成区 银川市 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]