青岛市生活饮用水中微塑料分布特征  

Distribution of microplastics in drinking water in Qingdao

作　　者：柴然 张秀芹[1] 徐春生[1] 王寅 潘璐 王炳玲[1] 段海平[1] CHAI Ran;ZHANG Xiuqin;XU Chunsheng;WANG Yin;PAN Lu;WANG Bingling;DUAN Haiping(Department of Environmental Health,Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine,Qingdao 266033,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛市疾病预防控制中心环境卫生科,青岛市预防医学研究院,山东青岛266033

出　　处：《山东大学学报（医学版）》2021年第12期58-62,共5页Journal of Shandong University:Health Sciences

基　　金：国家基本公共卫生服务补助资金饮用水和环境健康危害因素监测项目;国家健康风险评估试点建设项目;青岛市医疗卫生优秀人才培养项目(2020-2022)。

摘　　要：目的探讨青岛市生活饮用水中微塑料的分布特征。方法对青岛市内不同水源类型的32个末梢水进行采样,每个样品取500 mL进行分析。利用激光红外成像(LDIR)分析水样中微塑料的种类、数量和粒径。结果 32份样品中,有25份检出微塑料,检出率为78.1%。所有样本中微塑料丰度(个/L)最大值高达360,M(P_(25),P_(75))为18(2.5,91.5)。在检出微塑料的样品中,微塑料丰度高于300个/L的样品2份,均来自城区地表水;丰度低于中位数的样品8份,均来自于农村生活饮用水。来自城区地表水的样品中微塑料检出率最高,为81.8%(9/11)。检出的微塑料为:聚酰胺、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚苯乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氨基甲酸乙酯、聚甲醛酯、聚氯乙烯、聚砜8种。其中PET占比(85.8%)最高,其次是聚酰胺(8.5%)。生活饮用水中微塑料丰度随粒径的增大而减少,粒径为0~30μm的微塑料最多(49.7%),其次为30~50μm(28.4%),50~100μm(15.7%),100~300μm(6.1%)。结论青岛市不同水源饮用水的微塑料含量不同,城区高于农村,PET材料制品作为饮用水中微塑料的主要来源应被重点关注。Objective To explore the distribution of microplastics in drinking water in Qingdao. Methods Altogether 32 tap water samples were collected from different water sources and 500 mL of each sample was used for analysis. The type, particle number and size of microplastics were analyzed with laser direct infrared imaging(LDIR). Results Microplastics were detected in 25 samples(78.1%). The maximum value of microplastics in all samples was 360/L, and the M(P_(25),P_(75)) was 18(2.5,91.5)/L. Among the 25 samples with microplastics detected, 2 with abundance higher than 300 particles/L were from urban surface water;8 with abundance less than the median were from rural tap water. The highest detection rate 81.8%(9/11) of microplastics was found in urban surface water. The 8 types of microplastics detected included polyamide(PA), polyethylene terephthalate(PET), polystyrene, polypropylene, polyurethane, polyoxymethylene ester, polyvinyl chloride and polysulfone. PET showed the highest proportion(85.8%), followed by PA(8.5%). The abundance of microplastics in drinking water decreased with the increase of particle size. Particles 0-30 μm in size had the highest proportion(49.7%), followed by 30-50 μm(28.4%), 50-100 μm(15.7%) and 100-300 μm(6.1%). Conclusion The abundance and proportion of microplastics in tap water from different sources are different in Qingdao, of which the urban areas are higher than the rural areas. PET products, as the main source of microplastics in drinking water, should arouse due attention.

关 键 词：微塑料 生活饮用水 激光红外成像 丰度 粒径 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]