冶金严苛服役环境中热喷涂技术的应用现状及展望  

Application Status and Prospects of Thermal Spraying Technology in Metallurgical Field under Harsh Service Environment

作　　者：杨康 陈诚 徐国正 张世宏[1] YANG Kang;CHEN Cheng;XU Guo-zheng;ZHANG Shi-hong(Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Surface Technology of Advanced Metal Materials,Ministry of Education,Anhui University of Technology,Ma’anshan 243002,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Ma’anshan 243002,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学先进金属材料绿色制备与表面技术教育部重点实验室,安徽马鞍山243002 [2]安徽工业大学材料科学与工程学院,安徽马鞍山243002

出　　处：《表面技术》2022年第1期16-32,共17页Surface Technology

基　　金：安徽省杰青项目(2108085J22);安徽省高校协同创新项目(GXXT-2020-071)。

摘　　要：以超音速火焰喷涂、大功率等离子喷涂等为代表的先进热喷涂技术,已成为冶金行业关键装备及部件在严苛服役环境下实现高温耐磨、耐腐蚀、抗结瘤、隔热等多功能化的关键技术。概述了不同热喷涂技术的基本原理及涂层特性,进而详细论述热喷涂技术在服役于严苛环境中的冶金关键设备(如连铸结晶器铜板、热镀锌铝锅组件及高温炉辊等)上的研究现状及应用情况。针对熔融金属、内外大温差环境中连铸结晶器铜板表面修复强化,热喷涂技术具有取代传统电镀技术的潜力,所制备热喷涂层具有优异的热导率、耐腐蚀性、耐磨损性等,其中WC-Co系列和NiCr-Cr_(3)C_(2)系列是最具代表性的两种涂层材料。针对熔融金属环境中热镀锌铝锅组件表面防护,热喷涂技术可以取代传统的表面涂覆及表面渗镀技术,制备出具有高结合强度的高性能涂层,有效提高耐液锌腐蚀性能,涂层材料体系主要有陶瓷及金属陶瓷材料。针对高载荷、高温度环境中高温炉辊表面热喷涂防护,低温段常用涂层为WC-Co,中温段常用涂层为Cr_(3)C_(2)-NiCr,高温段常用涂层为陶瓷、金属陶瓷以及金属陶瓷+稀土氧化物涂层等。最后,展望了热喷涂技术在冶金领域的发展方向,以期推动热喷涂技术在冶金领域的更深入、广泛应用。Advanced thermal spraying technology represented by supersonic flame spraying,high-power plasma spraying,etc.,has become the key equipment and technology that components achieve high temperature wear resistance,corrosion resistance,anti-nodulation,heat insulation and other functions under harsh service environments.The basic principles and coating characteristics of different thermal spraying technologies are outlined,furthermore,the research status and application of thermal spray technology in severe service environments regarding metallurgical key equipment(such as continuous casting crystallizer copper plates,hot-dip galvanized aluminum pot components and high temperature furnace rollers)are discussed in detail.For molten metal,inside and outside the large temperature difference between the environment of continuous casting crystallizer copper plate surface repair and strengthening,thermal spray technology has the potential to replace the traditional plating technology,the prepared thermal spray layer has excellent thermal conductivity,corrosion resistance,wear resistance,etc.,of which WC-Co series and NiCr-Cr_(3)C_(2) series are the two most representative coating materials.For the protection of hot-dip galvanized and aluminized line zinc pot with a service environment of molten metal,thermal spraying technology can replace some other coating technologies and boronizing treatments by preparing high-quality coatings with high bonding strength,which can effectively improve the performance of corrosion resistance to liquid zinc or aluminum.The coating materials mainly include ceramic and cermet materials.For the protection of high temperature furnace roller with service environment of high load and high temperature,WC-Co is the commonly used coating in the low-temperature section,Cr_(3)C_(2)-NiCr in the medium-temperature section,ceramic,cermet,and cermet/rare earth oxide in the high-temperature section.Finally,the future development of thermal spraying technology in the field of metallurgy will be prospected,i

关 键 词：冶金 连铸结晶器铜板 热镀锌铝锅 高温炉辊 热喷涂 高温 腐蚀 磨损 

分 类 号：TG174.4[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]