约束膜式空气弹簧的刚度建模与分析  

Stiffness modeling and analysis of constrained membrane air spring

作　　者：赵亚敏 崔俊宁 邹丽敏[1,2] 边星元[1,2] 程钟义 ZHAO Yamin;CUI Junning;ZOU Limin;BIAN Xingyuan;CHENG Zhongyi(Research Institute of Ultra-precision Optoelectronic Instrument Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150080,China;MOIIT Key Lab of Ultra-precision Intelligent Instrumentation,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学超精密光电仪器工程研究所,哈尔滨150080 [2]哈尔滨工业大学超精密仪器技术及智能化工信部重点实验室,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2022年第1期60-67,115,共9页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51675139,L1924059);中央高校基础研究基金。

摘　　要：针对空气弹簧实际刚度与理论值相差较大的问题,建立了约束膜式空气弹簧的改进刚度模型。改进模型兼顾弹性膜弧长变化及其变形引起的腔室体积变化,理论与实验刚度的偏差为9.67%,相比传统模型计算精度提高7.63%。基于改进刚度模型的分析结果表明:大腔室体积、小有效面积、大弹性膜圆弧半径的结构设计,高弧长变化率的材料及高充气压强的工作方式有利于实现低刚度隔振特性。该研究为大承载、低频/超低频约束膜式空气弹簧的结构优化设计与精密加工提供了有效的理论依据。Here,aiming at the problem of actual stiffness of air spring being quite different from its theoretical value,an improved stiffness model of constrained membrane air spring was established.The improved model considered both the variation of elastic membrane arc length and chamber volume changes caused by deformation of elastic membrane.It was shown that the deviation between theoretical stiffness and measured one is 9.67%;the calculation accuracy increases by 7.63%compared with that obtained with the traditional model.The analysis results based on the improved stiffness model showed that the structural design of large chamber volume,small effective area and large elastic membrane arc radius,the material with high arc length change rate and the working mode of high charging pressure are conducive to the realization of low stiffness vibration isolation characteristics;the study can provide an effective theoretical basis for structural optimization design and precision machining of large load-bearing,low frequency/ultra-low frequency constrained membrane air springs.

关 键 词：空气弹簧 改进刚度模型 弧长变化 腔室体积变化 

分 类 号：TH212[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH213.3