数字经济的产业效应——基于数据要素化的理论分析  

The Industrial Effect of the Digital Economy: A Theoretical Analysis Based on Data Factorization

作　　者：周之瀚 杨曦 ZHOU Zhi-han;YANG Xi(Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学经济学院,北京100871

出　　处：《当代财经》2021年第12期101-114,共14页Contemporary Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金一般项目“国际资本流动、货币国际化与货币政策:基于中国的理论与经验研究”(71373011)。

摘　　要：构建异质性企业动态均衡模型,结合理论研究与量化分析,考察数字经济对产业生产率、产业内资源整合和社会福利的影响。研究结果表明,引入数字经济后,出口临界生产率提升,生产临界生产率和产业平均生产率的变动由相应的生产率提升指数临界值决定,而产业内生产竞争程度缓解,产业内出口竞争程度加剧。数字经济通过改变要素边际产出和产业进入成本两条路径同时作用于产业经济,对产业内资源整合和社会福利的影响具有两面性,即存在对应的数据相对价格临界值,在此临界值两侧,数字经济带来的影响截然相反,而这一相对价格临界值的取值大小和变化趋势取决于数据要素密集度、产品差异化程度和产业贸易成本等产业特征。本文研究不仅构建了产业数字化理论分析范式,为今后有关数字经济的产业效应研究打好了理论基础,同时也为中国稳步推进数字经济发展提供了理论依据,政府应根据各方面产业特征实施精准的产业引导政策,因地制宜推动产业数字化转型升级。By constructing a hetero genous enterprise dynamic equilibrium model and combining theoretical research with quantitative analysis, this paper explores the impact of digital economy on industrial productivity, intra-industry resource integration and social welfare. The findings show that after introducing digital economy, the export critical productivity increases, the changes of the production critical productivity and industrial average productivity are determined by the corresponding critical value of the productivity improvement index, while the degree of the intra-industry production competition is relieved and the degree of the intra-industry export competition is intensified. Through the two paths of changing the factor marginal output and the industrial entry cost, digital economy can exert its effects on the industrial economy at the same time. It has dual effects on the intra-industry resource integration and the social welfare, which means that there exist corresponding critical values of data versus price. On both sides of the critical value, the effects brought over by the digital economy is just the opposite. The value and the changing trend of this relative price critical value depend on such industrial characteristics as the intensity of data factor, the degree of product differentiation, and the industrial trade cost. This research not only builds a theoretical analysis paradigm for industrial digitalization and lays a theoretical foundation for future research on the industrial effects of the digital economy, but also provides a theoretical basis for China to steadily promote the development of the digital economy. The government should implement the precise industrial guidance policies in accordance with the various industrial characteristics and promote the transformation and upgrading of the industrial digitalization according to local conditions.

关 键 词：数字经济 产业生产率 产业内资源整合 社会福利 异质性企业动态均衡模型 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]