放射工作者淋巴细胞微核、染色体及血象分析  

Analysis of Micronucleus,Chromosome and Hemogram of Lymphocytes in Radiation Workers

作　　者：单铁梅 王丽东[1] 田欣鑫 SHAN Tie-mei;WANG Li-dong;TIAN Xin-xin(Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention and Control,Liaoning Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenyang 110005,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心职业病防治与职业卫生预防控制所,辽宁沈阳110005

出　　处：《医学信息》2022年第1期126-129,共4页Journal of Medical Information

摘　　要：目的了解长时间接触低剂量电离辐射对放射工作者外周血淋巴细胞微核、染色体及血象的影响。方法选取2020年1月-12月在岗体检的在辽宁省疾病预防控制中心职业病防治与职业卫生预防控制所接受职业健康检查的545名放射工作者为放射组,另选取159名无接触射线的岗前体检人员为对照组,对职业健康检查中的淋巴细胞微核率、染色体畸变率和血象检查结果进行统计分析。结果放射组淋巴细胞微核率、染色体畸变率高于对照组,白细胞、淋巴细胞、血红蛋白低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组红细胞和血小板水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同工种白细胞和淋巴细胞水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),微核率和染色体畸变率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同工种染色体异常检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),白细胞、淋巴细胞、红细胞、血红蛋白、血小板、微核检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同损害工龄白细胞、淋巴细胞、染色体畸变率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),微核率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同损害工龄白细胞、淋巴细胞、红细胞、血红蛋白、血小板、微核、染色体异常结果比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);对照组不同年龄组微核率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论长时间接触低剂量电离辐射会对血象和淋巴细胞微核、染色体造成一定影响,应加强职业防护,其影响程度与工种和工龄有关,特别应该加强介入治疗工种的职业防护。Objective To investigate the effects of long-term exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation on micronucleus,chromosome and hemogram of peripheral blood lymphocytes in radiation workers.Methods A total of 545 radiologists who were on duty for physical examination from January to December 2020 were selected as the radiation group,and 159 radiologists who had no exposure to radiation were selected as the control group.The lymphocyte micronucleus rate,chromosome aberration rate and blood imaging results in occupational health examination were analyzed statistically.Results The micronucleus rate and chromosomal aberration rate of lymphocytes in the radiation group were higher than those in the control group,while the white blood cells,lymphocytes and hemoglobin in the radiation group were lower than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the levels of red blood cells and platelets between the two groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in leukocyte and lymphocyte levels among different types of work(P>0.05),while there was significant difference in the micronucleus rate and chromosome aberration rate among different types of work(P<0.05).There was significant difference in the detection rate of chromosomal abnormalities among different types of work(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in the detection rate of white blood cells,lymphocytes,red blood cells,hemoglobin,platelets and micronucleus among different types of work(P>0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in white blood cells,lymphocytes and chromosome aberration rates among different damage ages(P>0.05),while there was a statistically significant difference in micronucleus rate among different damage length of service(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the results of white blood cells,lymphocytes,red blood cells,hemoglobin,platelets,micronucleus and chromosome abnormalities among different damage ages(P>0.05).There wa

关 键 词：染色体畸变率 血象 微核率 

分 类 号：R818.03[医药卫生—放射医学]