舟山群岛东侧海域蟹类群落结构及其与环境因子的关系  

Crab community structure and its relationship with environmental factors in the eastern sea area of Zhoushan Islands

作　　者：牛威震 韩磊 俞存根 郑基 许永久 颜文超 Niu Weizhen;Han Lei;Yu Cungen;Zheng Ji;Xu Yongjiu;Yan Wenchao(School of Fisheries,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学水产学院,浙江舟山316022

出　　处：《海洋学报》2022年第2期29-38,共10页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31270527)。

摘　　要：根据2018年4月(春季)和10月(秋季)在舟山群岛东侧海域(29°10′25.54"~30°45′00"N,122°53′3.88"~124°48′28.31"E)开展的渔业资源底拖网调查所获得的蟹类数据,研究了该海域蟹类资源的种类组成、优势种、生物多样性等群落结构特征,同时分析了蟹类数量分布及其群落结构与温、盐等环境因子之间的关系。结果表明,调查海域春、秋季蟹类种类共有40种,隶属于12科,23属;其中,春季优势种为双斑鲟(Charybdis bimaculata),秋季优势种为双斑鲟和三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus),均为广温、广盐性种类;秋季丰富度指数(D)及Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H’)高于春季,而Pielou均匀度指数(J’)则相差不大;独立样本T检验方法显示,春、秋两季渔获量之间存在显著性差异(p<0.01);根据聚类分析与非度量多维标度排序分析,春、秋季蟹类均可划分为4个组群,SIMPER分析结果显示,秋季群落相似性大于春季;典范对应分析结果表明,底层水温和表层盐度是影响调查海域蟹类群落结构及数量分布的主要环境因子。According to the data collected in April(spring) and October(autumn) of 2018 in the eastern sea area of Zhoushan Islands(29°10′25.54′′-30°45′00′′N,122°53′3.88′′-124°48′28.31′′E) based on the crab data obtained from bottom trawl survey of fishery resources, the community structure characteristics of crab resources such as species composition, dominant species and biodiversity were studied, and the relationship between crab quantity distribution and community structure and environmental factors such as temperature and salinity was analyzed. The results show that there are 40 species of crabs in spring and autumn, belonging to 23 genera and 12 families;among them,the dominant species in spring is Charybdis bimaculatus, and in autumn are C. bimaculatus and Portunus trituberculatus;the richness index(D) and Shannon Wiener-diversity index(H′) in autumn are higher than those in spring,while Pielou evenness index(J’) is similar in spring and autumn;independent sample t-test show that there is significant difference between spring and autumn;according to cluster analysis and non metric multi-dimensional scaling analysis, spring can be divided into four communities, and autumn can be divided into four communities;canonical correspondence analysis show that bottom water temperature and surface salinity are the main environmental factors affecting the community structure and quantity distribution of crabs in the investigated sea area.

关 键 词：蟹类 数量分布 群落结构 环境因子 舟山群岛东侧海域 

分 类 号：S932.52[农业科学—渔业资源]