基于转录组测序技术对调控毕加索小丑鱼(Picassoclownfish)白化体征关键基因的研究  

Transcriptome analysis identifies candidate genes related to albinism mechanism in the skin of the Picasso clownfish

作　　者：何丽斌[1,2] 黄镇 吴水清[1] 郑乐云 He Libin;Huang Zhen;Wu Shuiqing;Zheng Leyun(Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian,Xiamen 361013,China;College of Life Science,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China;Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization,Fuzhou 350117,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省水产研究所,福建厦门361013 [2]福建师范大学生命科学学院,福建福州350117 [3]福建省特色海洋生物资源可持续利用重点实验室,福建福州350117

出　　处：《海洋学报》2022年第2期67-76,共10页

基　　金：厦门市科技局科技计划(3502Z20142008);福建省财政海洋与渔业结构调整专项([2016]841、[2019]HYJG11);福建省省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2021R1013001)。

摘　　要：毕加索小丑鱼(Picasso clownfish)因其皮肤中的白色斑块分布杂乱抽象而得名,同时也由于其白色斑块的形成无规律性和稀缺性,属于名贵的小丑鱼,因此,解析毕加索小丑鱼的皮肤白斑形成机制,可以为毕加索小丑鱼的人工育种提供理论依据。在本研究中,我们对3种体色毕加索小丑鱼的背鳍和臀鳍之间的身体相同部位3种色块(黑色、黄色、白色)的皮肤进行进行了转录组测序。研究结果显示,与黄色和黑色皮肤组织相比,在白色皮肤组织中存在大量差异表达基因。其中与黑色素产生相关的信号通路(例如黑色素生成、Hedgehog信号通路和Wnt信号通路)中的基因在白色皮肤组织中呈下调表达趋势。进一步对3种颜色皮肤组织中参与黑色素生成途径的基因进行详细分析,发现上游调控基因(如ednrba和mitfa)表达量从黑色到黄色至白色皮肤组织中逐步下调,但下游参与黑色素合成的核心基因(包括tyr、tyrp1b和dct)则在白色皮肤组织中表达出现显著下调。最后,本研究通过荧光定量PCR验证了转录组数据的可靠性。本研究结果将为今后人为干扰基因表达从而达到调控小丑鱼体色提供理论依据。Picasso clownfish is named for its disorderly and abstract distribution of white patches in its skin. At the same time, due to the irregular and scarce formation of white patches, it belongs to a valuable clownfish. Therefore,analyzing the formation mechanism of skin white spots in Picasso clownfish can provide a theoretical basis for the artificial breeding of Picasso clownfish. In this study, we sequences the transcriptome of the skin of three color blocks(black, yellow and white) in the same part of the body between the dorsal fin and hip fin of Picasso clownfish. The results show that there are a large number of differentially expressed genes(DEGs) in white skin compared with yellow and black skin. Among them, the genes in the signal pathways related to melanin production(such as melanin production, hedgehog and Wnt signal pathways) show a downward trend in white skin tissue. The expression of upstream regulatory genes(such as ednrba and mitfa) decrease gradually from black to yellow to white skin tissue, but the expression of downstream core genes involved in melanin synthesis(including Tyr, tyrp1 b and dct) decreases significantly in white skin assembly. Finally, the validity of transcriptome data is verified by fluorescence quantitative PCR. The results of this study will provide a theoretical basis for future people to interfere with gene expression to regulate clownfish body color.

关 键 词：白化现象 毕加索小丑鱼 转录组测序 差异表达基因 

分 类 号：S965.8[农业科学—水产养殖]