2018年攀枝花市烟草流行现况调查  

Investigation on the prevalence of tobacco in Panzhihua 2018

作　　者：刘慧 黄星辉[1] 蒲玉红[1] 李井宾[1] 杨梅[1] 肖攀[1] 曾雪源 LIU Hui;HUANG Xing-hui;PU Yu-hong;LI Jing-bin;YANG Mei;XIAO Pan;ZENG Xue-yuan(Panzhihua Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Panzhihua 617000,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]攀枝花市疾病预防控制中心,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2022年第1期17-22,共6页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的了解攀枝花市烟草流行现状,为控烟干预提供参考。方法通过分层多阶段随机抽样和概率比例规模抽样相结合的方法,2018年攀枝花市共20个街道(乡镇)1840名15~69岁城乡常住居民参与问卷调查。调查主要内容包括个人基本信息,以及吸烟情况、烟草依赖情况、戒烟门诊及戒烟热线知晓情况、二手烟接触与危害知晓情况、电子烟与低焦油含量卷烟危害知晓情况。运用SPSS 20.0统计软件进行统计描述和卡方检验,检验水准a=0.05。结果共收回有效问卷1838份。攀枝花市2018年15~69岁成人吸烟率为24.65%,男性为50.81%,女性为1.64%。城市居民吸烟率(21.62%)低于农村(27.21%)。有36.65%的吸烟者有未来戒烟计划,41.94%的吸烟者曾经尝试过戒烟但并未成功。戒烟者戒烟前一年烟草依赖比例(40.98%)小于现在吸烟者(75.72%)差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=30.21,P<0.01)。被调查者中只有14.53%听说过戒烟热线,19.80%听说过戒烟门诊。二手烟暴露率高(72.72%)。18.23%的被调查者认为“有些卷烟会比另一些卷烟对人的健康危害小”,25.73%的被调查者认为电子烟的危害比卷烟小。结论控烟工作的重点是降低男性吸烟率。若想改变攀枝花市烟草流行现状,须保障健康教育经费投入,同时完善戒烟门诊建设,完善法制体系建设,全方位多举措有效降低吸烟率。Objective To understand the epidemic status of tobacco in Panzhihua,and to provide reference for the intervention of tobacco epidemic.Methods Through stratified multi-stage random sampling and PPS sampling combined methods,about 1840 permanent residents aged 15 to 69 from 20 street offices(townships)in Panzhihua took part in a questionnaire survey in 2018.The main contents of the survey included personal basic information,smoking status,tobacco dependence,awareness of smoking cessation clinic and hotline,awareness of second-hand smoke exposure and hazards,awareness of e-cigarette and low tar cigarette hazards.SPSS 20.0 software was used for statistical description and chi square test.The test level was a=0.05.Results A total of 1838 valid questionnaires were collected.The prevalence of smoking among adults aged 15-69 in Panzhihua in 2018 was 24.65%,and 50.81%for males while 1.64%for females.The smoking rate of urban residents(21.62%)was lower than that of rural residents(27.21%).And 36.65%of smokers had plans to quit smoking in the future,41.94%of smokers tried to quit smoking but failed.The proportion of tobacco dependence one year before among those who quit smoking(40.98%)was lower than that among those who smoke now(75.72%).Only 14.53%of the respondents had heard of the smoking cessation hotline,19.80%had heard of the smoking cessation clinic.The exposure rate of secondhand smoke was high(72.72%),18.23%of them thought that“some cigarettes was less harmful to people′s health than others”and 25.73%of them thought that e-cigarettes was less harmful than cigarettes.Conclusions The focus of tobacco control work was to reduce the male smoking rate.If we want to change the current situation of the tobacco epidemic in Panzhihua,we must ensure the investment of health education,at the same time we should improve construction of smoking cessation clinics,and improving the legal system,and take all-round measures to effectively reduce the smoking rate.

关 键 词：烟草流行 现况调查 影响因素 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]