2016-2020年脊髓灰质炎疫苗免疫策略调整后禄劝县脊灰疫苗接种情况调查  

Investigation on polio vaccination in Luquan county after adjustment of Polio vaccination strategy

作　　者：赵燕 ZHAO Yan(Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Luquan 651500,Yunnan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]禄劝彝族苗族自治县疾病预防控制中心,云南禄劝651500

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2022年第1期31-34,共4页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的了解禄劝彝族苗族自治县实施新脊髓灰质炎(简称“脊灰”)疫苗免疫策略后脊灰疫苗接种情况,为推进脊灰疫苗接种提供参考依据。方法2020-12采用多级抽样的方法在云南省免疫规划信息管理系统中抽取禄劝县儿童个案,对个案信息和脊灰疫苗接种信息进行调查,采用SPSS 25.0软件进行χ^(2)检验,以P<0.05有统计学意义。结果调查481名儿童全程接种率为94.49%,基础免疫针次调查接种率达98%以上,加强免疫针次调查接种率为72.92%,IPV占总脊灰疫苗比例41.73%。开展查漏补种工作后,所调查儿童IPV补种率为75%,无脊灰疫苗“零”剂次儿童。结论应进一步加大培训和督导力度,加强大年龄组儿童剂次预防接种管理,落实查漏补种工作,消除空白人群,加强输入性脊灰野病毒和脊灰疫苗衍生病的风险防控管理,巩固无脊灰状态。Objective To investigate the situation of poliomyelitis(polio)vaccination after the implementation of the new polio vaccine immunization strategy in Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County so as to provide references for promoting polio vaccination.Methods In December 2020,children were selected from the immunization planning information management system of Yunnan Province in Luquan County by using a multi-stage sampling method.Information about selected children and polio vaccine vaccination were collected.SPSS 25.0 was used forχ^(2) tests,and P<0.05 was statistically significant.Results Among the 481 children surveyed,the vaccination rate for the whole process was 94.49%.The vaccination rate for basic immunization was 98%,and the vaccination rate for intensive immunization was 72.92%,and IPV accounted for 41.73%of the total polio vaccine.After implementing the vaccination leak replant measures,the re-vaccination rate of IPV among the surveyed children was 75%,and no children with zero doses of polio vaccine were observed.Conclusions Training and supervision should be further strengthened.Management of dose vaccination should be strengthened for older age groups,and replacement vaccination should be implemented to eliminate the blank population.Risk prevention and control management of imported wild poliovirus,and polio-vaccine-derived virus should be strengthened to consolidate polio-free status.

关 键 词：脊髓灰质炎 疫苗 免疫策略 接种 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]