基于风热环境的开敞空间周边建筑围合研究  

The Enclosure of Open Space Buildings Based on Outdoor Wind Thermal Environments

作　　者：司睿 任绍斌[2] 王振[2] SI Rui;REN Shaobin;WANG Zhen

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)建筑学院 [2]华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《南方建筑》2022年第1期48-53,共6页South Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51538004):“城市形态与城市微气候耦合机理与控制——不同地理特征城市微气候调节”;国家自然科学基金资助项目(52078229):“城市街区绿色基础设施的空间模式与微气候、雨洪过程的联动影响机理研究”;国家自然科学基金青年科学项目(51008135):“夏热冬冷地区基于微气候改善和优化的城市街区形态研究”。

摘　　要：城市形态与环境舒适性的关系是城市设计的热门议题。探讨风热环境参数与街区围合度的关系及开敞空间周边建筑的围合形式,目的在于为空间形态控制提供思考路径。选取武汉市的开敞空间共68处作为研究对象,在此基础上抽象出具有代表性的街区理想空间模型,运用Phoenics软件量化模拟冬夏两季典型日的典型时刻不同围合度下室外环境空气速度、温度和空气压力值,并进行相关性分析。结果显示,城市集中建设区开敞空间周边建筑围合度与夏季空气速度呈负相关关系。最后根据风环境对人体影响的分析结果对开敞空间提出相应的城市设计建议。A microclimate is vital to the life quality of residents in high-density urban areas.Improving the neighbourhood comfort levels by shaping the spatial form has received widespread consideration.However,environmental comforts in urban design guidelines are primarily a guiding opinion,with weak control over the actual operation.Recently,the quantification of urban morphology controls has become an essential issue since urban design has become more scientific.This study analyses correlation between neighbourhood enclosures around open spaces and environmental indicators.Some suggestions for spatial morphological control of neighbourhoods are proposed.A total of 68 open spaces were first selected in Wuhan’s centralised construction zone to get representative morphological combinations.Secondly,eight primary spatial forms(A-H)were summarised based on the architectural typology.The research methodology involved two steps.First,set the boundary conditions and mesh division.Numerical simulations in summer set the initial temperature of 30.7℃,wind speed of 2.5 m/s,relative humidity of 71%,and southwest wind directionality.Numerical simulations in winter set the initial temperature of 3.8℃,wind speed of 5.1 m/s,northeast wind,and air relative humidity of 80%.The SUN module was adjusted according to the annual seasons,taking solar radiation of 1000 w/m^(2) at noon.After several experimental simulations and comparison cycles,the calculation domain range of 500 m×400 m×40 m was determined for simulations,and the final number of divided networks was 312,120.The RNG k-εmodel was chosen to simulate the velocity field by considering various heat transfer effects.The open space midpoint and four corner points were taken as observation points to record the simulation results.Secondly,calculate the neighbourhood enclosures.The enclosure is defined from the perspective of urban design,characterising the closure of the neighbourhood horizontally.In other words,the degree of the enclosure is equal to the ratio of the total per

关 键 词：开敞空间 围合度 CFD模拟 相关性 

分 类 号：TU834.25[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程] TU111.3