‘徐香’猕猴桃叶片诱导成苗扩繁技术  

‘Xuxiang’ Kiwifruit Leaf Induction Seedling Propagation Technology

作　　者：师万源 徐红达 魏卓 邓茹友 王素杰 张汉尧[1] SHI Wanyuan;XU Hongda;WEI Zhuo;DENG Ruyou;WANG Sujie;ZHANG Hanyao(Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China,State Forest Administration,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming,Yunnan 650224;Key Laboratory for Forest ResourceSConservation and Utilization in the Southwest MountainSof China,Ministry of Education,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming,Yunnan 650224)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学西南地区生物多样性保育国家林业局重点实验室,云南昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学西南山地森林资源保育与利用教育部重点实验室,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《北方园艺》2021年第24期16-22,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31760450);云南省教育厅科学研究基金资助项目(2019Y126);大学生创新创业训练资助项目(201810677002)。

摘　　要：以‘徐香’猕猴桃叶片为试材,采用植物离体组培技术,研究了在利用叶片组培过程中消毒时间和不同浓度的植物激素组合在不同阶段的影响,以期为缩短‘徐香’猕猴桃组培育苗周期提供参考依据。结果表明:叶片消毒、培养基筛选、诱导愈伤组织、诱导不定芽、诱导生根、炼苗移栽6个过程,需70d左右。‘徐香’猕猴桃叶片采集后,需用清水洗涤叶片表皮30~45min,消毒效果最佳为在无菌工作台中用75%的C_(2)H_(5)OH消毒20s,再用0.1%的HgCl_(2)溶液消毒5min,幼苗成活率为86.7%;叶片在MS+蔗糖30g·L^(-1)+琼脂4.5g·L^(-1)+TDZ 2.0mg·L^(-1)+IBA 0.5mg·L^(-1)培养基中培养35d诱导愈伤组织效果最佳,愈伤率为100%;愈伤组织诱导分化不定芽最佳培养基为MS+蔗糖30g·L^(-1)+琼脂4.5g·L^(-1)+NAA 0.3mg·L^(-1)+6-BA 3.0mg·L^(-1),分化率为93.33%±2.66%,平均芽数(16.97±0.79)个;不定芽诱导生根最佳培养基为1/2MS+蔗糖30g·L^(-1)+琼脂4.5g·L^(-1)+IBA 0.8mg·L^(-1)+AC 0.25g·L^(-1),生根率为91.37%±6.35%,平均根长(7.24±1.04)cm,平均生根数(14.46±1.56)条;炼苗3~5d后,移栽至成分为园土、腐殖土、蛭石、珍珠岩、草木灰(3:1:1:1:1)的土壤中,植株成活率较高,长势较好。用该组培技术,可在短期内得到大量不携带病虫害的‘徐香’种苗。Taking the leaves of‘Xuxiang’kiwifruit as the test material,using the in vitro plant tissue culture technology,the effects of disinfection time and different concentrations of phytohormone combinations at different stages in the process of using leaf tissue culture were studied,in order to provide reference for shortening‘Xuxiang’tissue culture.The results showed that it took about 70days for the 6processes including leaf disinfection,medium selection,callus induction,adventitious bud induction,rooting induction,and seedling transplanting.After collecting the leaves of‘Xuxiang’kiwifruit,clean water was needed to wash the epidermis of the leaves for 30-60minutes.The best disinfection effect was as follows,sterilize with 75%C_(2)H_(5)OH in a sterile workbench for 20seconds,and then use 0.1%HgCl_(2) solution for 5minutes.The survival rate of seedlings was 86.7%.The leaves were cultured in MS+sugar 30g·L^(-1)+agar 4.5g·L^(-1)+TDZ 2.0 mg·L^(-1)+IBA 0.5mg·L^(-1)medium for 35days to obtain the best callus induction effect,and the callus rate was 100%.The optimal medium for callus induction and differentiation of adventitious buds was MS+sugar 30g·L^(-1)+agar 4.5g·L^(-1)+NAA 0.3mg·L^(-1)+6-BA 3.0mg·L^(-1),with a differentiation rate of 93.33%±2.66%and an average number of buds of 16.97±0.79.The best rooting medium was 1/2MS+sugar 30g·L^(-1)+agar 4.5g·L^(-1)+IBA 0.8mg·L^(-1)+AC 0.25g·L^(-1),the rooting rate was 91.37%±6.35%;the average root length was(7.24±1.04)cm,the average number of roots was 14.46±1.56.After the seedlings were refined for 3-5days,they were transplanted into soil composed of garden soil,humus soil,vermiculite,perlite,and plant ash(3:1:1:1:1:1).The plant survival rate was higher and the growth was better.With tissue culture technology,a large number of‘Xuxiang’seedlings that do not carry pests can be obtainedin a short period of time.

关 键 词：‘徐香’猕猴桃 组织培养 愈伤组织 不定芽 生根 

分 类 号：S663.4[农业科学—果树学]