青天葵叶斑病病原菌的分离鉴定及其生物防治  

Isolation and Identification of Pathogen Causing Leaf Spot Disease in Nervilia fordii (Hance) Schltr. and Its Biocontrol

作　　者：杨鑫凤 周雅琴 谭小明[1,2] 袁长格 傅鹏 唐红珍 YANG Xinfeng;ZHOU Yaqin;TAN Xiaoming;YUAN Changge;FU Peng;TANG Hongzhen(College of Pharmacy,Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanning,Guangxi 530200;Guangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Advantage Chinese Patent Drug and Ethnic Drug Development,Nanning,Guangxi 530200;Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant,Nanning,Guangxi 530023)

机构地区：[1]广西中医药大学药学院,广西南宁530200 [2]广西优势中成药与民族药开发工程技术中心,广西南宁530200 [3]广西药用植物园,广西南宁530023

出　　处：《北方园艺》2021年第24期115-121,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31860128);广西自然科学基金资助项目(2019GXNSFDA245017);广西中医药大学大学生创新创业训练计划资助项目(S2021110600121);广西中医药科技成果转化与应用协同创新中心资助项目(05020058)。

摘　　要：以感染叶斑病的野生兰科药用植物青天葵(Nervilia fordii(Hance)Schltr.)叶片为试材,采取组织块分离法对其组织的病原菌进行分离并结合形态学和分子生物学方法对病原进行鉴定,依据柯赫氏法则对分离菌株进行致病性检验。随后,通过平皿对峙法筛选拮抗青天葵叶斑病的内生真菌,以期探究为害青天葵叶斑病害病原,并为有效防治该病奠定理论基础。结果表明:对青天葵叶片产生病害的病原鉴定为变灰尾孢菌(Cercospora canescens)。采用平皿对峙法,共得到8株对病原菌具有拮抗效果的青天葵内生真菌,具有较好的生防开发潜能,抑菌率达44%以上;其中青霉属(Penicillinumsp.)的1151菌株的抑菌效果最好,抑制率达59.8%。The leaves of wild Nervilia fordii(Hance)Schltr.infected with leaf spot disease were used as test materials.The pathogen of the leaf spot of N.fordii was obtained by tissue separation method,and identified by molecular and morphological methods.The pathogen was verified according to Koch′s postulates.Subsequently,the antagonistic effect of endophytic fungi isolated from N.fordii on the growth of the pathogen was detected by plate confrontation method and cross method,in order to explore the pathogen causing leaf spot of Nervilia fordii(Hance)Schltr.,and provide atheoretical basis for effective prevention and treatment of the disease.The results showed that C.canescens was identified as the pathogen of leaf spot in N.fordii reservoir.Then,8 kinds of endophytic fungi with obvious antagonistic effects were screened,with the inhibition rate of 44%.Among the eight strains,1151(Penicillinumsp.)had the best antagonistic effect on the pathogen,up to 59.8%.

关 键 词：毛唇芋兰 变灰尾孢 内生真菌 拮抗 

分 类 号：S682.19[农业科学—观赏园艺]