明清官史对西器东传的选择性记载  

The Selective Records of Importation of Western Artifacts in Official Historical Books in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：谢盛 谢贵安[2] Xie Sheng;Xie Guian

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学马克思主义学院,湖北武汉430223 [2]武汉大学历史学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《史学史研究》2021年第4期12-25,共14页Journal of Historiography

基　　金：教育部重点研究基地重大项目“明清史学与近代学术转型研究”(项目编号:16JJD770037);武汉工程大学人文科学基金“中国文化自信的历史传统——明代中国长技的形成与发展”(项目编号:000017/007040)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：明清时期官方史学对传入中国的西方器物进行了有选择的记载。由于观测天象、巩固天下和维护天颜的需要,明清官方史书分别记载了与窥探天象有关的西洋仪器,与保卫天下有关的西洋火器,与粉饰天颜有关的西洋贡品。但由于受到重道轻器观念的影响,明清官史又将西洋传入的生活类奇器视为"奇技淫巧",视而不见,予以忽略。明清官史对西洋奇器的取舍,反映了官方意识形态依国家利益需要而对西洋物质文明迎受或拒斥的本质特点。The official historical books in the Ming and Qing Dynasties selectively recorded importation of Western artifacts. Due to the needs of observing the astronomical phenomena, national defense and maintaining royal majesty, the official history books recorded Western instruments related to these needs.However, because of the influence of traditional idea that doctrine is important than instrument, the official historians regarded the western artifacts as “wicked and useless skills”, ignoring them in records. The paradoxical attitudes to Western artifacts in historical books reflect the official ideology which accepts or rejects Western material civilization depending on national interests.

关 键 词：明清 官方史学 记载 西器东传 文化交流 

分 类 号：K092[历史地理—历史学]