奥罗修斯在《反异教徒历史七书》中的纪年方法及其意蕴  

The Chronological Methods in Orosius’ The Seven Books of History Against the Pagans and Its Meaning

作　　者：莫凡 Mo Fan

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学历史学院,北京100875

出　　处：《史学史研究》2021年第4期83-91,共9页Journal of Historiography

摘　　要：奥罗修斯在《反异教徒历史七书》中选择罗马建城纪年为核心纪年方法,综合使用奥利匹亚纪年、执政官纪年、元首和君主纪年等多种世俗史家常用的纪年方法,构成主次分明、独具特色的纪年系统。这种纪年方法通过定位所有历史事件发生的具体年份,增强了所述历史在时间发展上的方向感,突出了罗马城在历史发展过程中的首要地位,塑造了读者对罗马帝国会在基督教时代里持续存在和发展的信心。同时,奥罗修斯通过使用这一世俗纪年系统,巧妙地论证了所有具有负面性质的历史事件都发生在世俗时间的框架之下,与基督教并无关联,实现了为基督教辩护这一根本目的。In The Seven Books of History Against the Pagans, Orosius selected dating before and after the founding of Rome as the core of his chronological system and used other common secular historical chronology including Olympiad dating, Consular dating and Emperor chronology supplementarily, to form the unique chronological system with clear priorities. By identifying the time of all historical events, Orosius used his chronological system to point out where the human history was heading, to highlight Rome’s primacy during the historical development course and to bolster readers’ confidence that the Roman empire would still exist and continue to develop in Christian times. Besides, using the secular chronological system, Orosius skillfully demonstrated that all negative historical events actually happened at secular times, which had no connection with Christianity, in order to achieve his ultimate goal of defending Christianity.

关 键 词：奥罗修斯 《反异教徒历史七书》 罗马建城 纪年 

分 类 号：K091[历史地理—历史学]