青藏高原季风演变及其气候效应综述  

Review of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau Monsoon’s Evolution and Climatic Effects

作　　者：樊威伟 胡泽勇 荀学义[4] 杨耀先 于海鹏 付春伟 吴笛 FAN Weiwei;HU Zeyong;XUN Xueyi;YANG Yaoxian;YU Haipeng;FU Chunwei;WU Di(Key Laboratory for land process and climate change in cold ami Ariel Regions,Northwest Institute of Ecological ami Environmental Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Science,Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;A.School of Ecology and Environment,Inna Mongolia University,Hohhot 010021,Inner-Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院/中国科学院寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院青藏高原地球科学卓越创新中心,北京100101 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]内蒙古大学生态与环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010021

出　　处：《高原气象》2021年第6期1294-1303,共10页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0103);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA2006010101);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1505701);国家自然科学基金项目(91837208,91537101)。

摘　　要：青藏高原季风是在高原热力作用影响下形成的冬夏相反的盛行风系,是青藏高原气候的主宰者,对高原能量与水分循环和转换起着至关重要的作用,并深刻影响着高原及亚洲气候与环境的形成和演变。对高原季风及其气候环境效应的研究不仅是深入理解高原环境和气候变化、水分和能量循环的需要,同时也符合国家生态文明建设与社会经济发展的要求。本文从高原季风的多尺度变率、影响高原季风的动力和热力因子及其气候与环境效应角度回顾评估了高原季风的研究进展,并梳理出未来亟待解决的科学问题。已有的研究表明,高原季风的形成是青藏高原隆升到抬升凝结高度的必然结果,同时也是第四纪开始的重要标志。青藏高原季风多尺度变率受高原局地热力作用以及高原外太平洋海温、北极涛动和中高纬遥相关波列调控。青藏高原气候效应主要体现在对高原及其周边地区气候格局及其变化的影响。最后,讨论和展望了高原季风研究的问题和方向:青藏高原复杂下垫面陆面过程对高原季风的影响研究有待加强,全球变化背景下高原季风对高原增暖的响应及其成因还需要更加深入分析。Qinghai-Xizang Plateau Monsoon(QXPM)is a prevailing wind system with a seasonal reversal of wind direction,which is caused by the thermal effects of the plateau. QXPM plays a vital role in the energy budget and water cycle of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau(QXP)and thus has profound impacts on the formation and variations of Asian climate and environment. The review on the QXPM and its climatic influence is not only the need for an in-depth understanding of the climatic and environmental of QXP but the requirements of the country’s ecological civilization construction and social and economic development. This paper reviews the advances of studies in QXPM,emphasizing its multi-scale variability,factors affecting the QXPM,and its climate and environmental effects. The existing studies show that the formation of QXPM is an important sign of the beginning of Quaternary and related to the uplift of QXP closely. The variation in QXPM is significantly influenced by QXP heating,the tropical sea surface temperature,Atlantic Oscillation,and teleconnection patterns. Existence and variations in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau Monsoon have notable impacts on the climate of the QXP and its surrounding area,such as Asian monsoon,South Asian high,mid-latitude westerlies,and so on. In the future,the relationship between the water vapor transport condition,thermal characteristics,and dynamic characteristics of the plateau monsoon system needs to be clarified. Studies on the interaction between the complex land surface process and the QXPM need to be strengthened. Moreover,under the background of global climate change,it’s also necessary for us to analyze the response of QXPM to QXP warming.

关 键 词：青藏高原季风 多尺度变率 热力作用 气候效应 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]