陆面过程模式研究进展——以CAS-LSM为例  

Recent Progress in the Land Surface Process Studies:A Case Study of CAS-LSM

作　　者：王龙欢 谢正辉[1,2] 贾炳浩 王妍[3] 李锐超 谢瑾博 陈思 秦佩华 师春香[4] WANGLonghuan;XIEZhenghui;JIABinghao;WANGYan;LIRuichao;XIEJinbo;CHEN Si;QIN Peihua;SHI Chunxiang(The State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;College of Earth and Planetary Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,Jiangsu,China;National Meteorological Information Center,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室,北京100029 [2]中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院,北京100049 [3]南京水利科学研究院水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210029 [4]国家气象信息中心,北京100081

出　　处：《高原气象》2021年第6期1347-1363,共17页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41830967);国家重点研发计划重大自然灾害监测预警与防范专项(2018YFC1506602)。

摘　　要：陆面过程是气候系统的重要组成部分,影响大气环流和气候变化。陆面过程模式中人类活动、生物物理和生物化学过程的合理描述有助于理解陆面与大气之间相互作用机制。本文首先回顾了陆面过程模式的发展历程,陆面过程模式从最初简单的箱式模型发展到考虑了较为完备的陆面物理、化学和生物过程,正朝着精细化、集成化的方向发展。农业灌溉与施肥、干旱区河流输水、点源污染排放、城市规划实施等与生产生活密切相关的人类活动,影响陆地碳氮水循环过程及河流水生生态系统。地下水侧向流动、土壤冻融界面变化等过程改变陆气水分收支和能量平衡,影响天气气候与环境。因此,迫切需要在陆面生态水文模拟中合理表示这些过程和人类活动的作用。随后介绍了陆面过程模式CAS-LSM的研究进展及应用。陆面过程模式CAS-LSM可应用于干旱区内陆河流域模拟,定量评估河流输水的生态水文效应;结合气候系统模式,可以实现监测河流水环境特别是氮输送的变化;与区域气候模拟结合,实现城市规划实施的天气与气候效应的定量评估。Land surface processes are an important part of the climate system,affecting atmospheric circulation and climate change. Reasonable descriptions of human activities,biophysical and biochemical processes in the land surface model are very important for improvint our understanding of land-atmosphere interaction. This paper first reviews the development of the land surface model,which has evolved from the simple box model to consider more complete physical,chemical and biological processes,and is developing toward refinement and integration. Human activities,such as irrigation and agricultural fertilization,discharge,and urban planning,affect terrestrial carbon,nitrogen and water cycle processes and aquatic ecosystems. Processes including groundwater lateral flow and the movement of frost and thaw fronts alter water budget,energy balance,and affect the weather,climate,and environment. Therefore,there is an urgent need to reasonably represent these processes and the effects of human activities in land surface models. Then this work introduces the physical parameterizations of a land surface model of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS-LSM). The new developed model can be applied to the simulation of inland river basins in arid areas to quantitatively evaluate the ecohydrological effects of stream water transfer. Combined with climate system models,CAS-LSM can monitor river water environment. It can also help quantitatively evaluate weather and climate effects of urban planning.

关 键 词：陆面过程模式 研究进展 参数化方案 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]