缓释肥条件间歇灌溉对水稻氮素分配及产量的影响  

Effects of Alternate Wetting and Drying with Slow Release Fertilizer on Nitrogen Distribution and Yield of Rice

作　　者：钟盛建 何军[1,2] 张宇航 王平章 李赵琴[3] 郭健[3] 周洁宇 杨鹏 廖薇 ZHONG Sheng-jian;HE Jun;ZHANG Yu-hang;WANG Ping-zhang;LI Zhao-qin;GUO Jian;ZHOU Jie-yu;YANG Peng;LIAO Wei(College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,Hubei Province,China;Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Ecological Environment Education in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,Hubei Province,China;Hubei Zhanghe Project Administration Bureau,Jingmen 448156,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学水利与环境学院,湖北宜昌443002 [2]三峡大学三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心,湖北宜昌443002 [3]湖北省漳河工程管理局,湖北荆门448156

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2022年第1期58-61,共4页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1508302);湖北省水利重点科研项目(HBSLKY201801);湖北省教育厅科学技术研究项目(Q20161206)。

摘　　要：为探明缓释肥间歇灌条件对水稻氮素分配及产量的影响,于2020年开展了不同水肥处理水稻种植的测坑试验,分析了黄熟期植株地上各部分干物质质量及吸氮量,产量及其构成因子。结果表明:间歇灌溉能够促进水稻植株的干物质积累,干物质总量从大到小依次为:W2F2>W2F1>W1F1>W1F2(W1-淹灌,W2-间歇灌溉,F1-常规肥,F2-缓释肥),分别为18310.4 kg/hm^(2),18147.6 kg/hm^(2),14802.8 kg/hm^(2)和13832.2 kg/hm^(2)。W2F2的地上部分氮素积累量明显高于其他处理,为112.7 kg/hm^(2),W2F1,W1F2和W1F1的地上部分吸氮量分别为93.2 kg/hm^(2),82.9 kg/hm^(2)及80.4 kg/hm^(2)。灌溉模式对产量的影响显著(p<0.05),但施肥类型对产量的影响不显著(p>0.05)。W2F1的产量比W1F1的产量高367 kg/hm^(2),W2F2的产量比W1F2的产量高249 kg/hm^(2)。相同灌溉模式下的水稻产量差值很小。In order to explore the effects of alternate wetting and drying irrigation with slow-release fertilizer on nitrogen distribution and yield of rice,a plot experiment of rice planting with different water and fertilizer treatments was carried out in 2020.The dry matter weight,nitrogen content,yield and its components of aboveground parts of plants at yellow maturity were analyzed.The results showed that the total amount of dry matter was as follows:W2 F2>W2 F1>W1 F1>W1 F2(W1-flooding,W2-alternate wetting and drying irrigation,F1-conventional fertilizer and F2 slow-release fertilizer),which were 18310.4 kg/hm^(2)18147.6 kg/hm^(2)14802.8 kg/hm;and 13832.2 kg/hm;respectively,indicating that alternate wetting and drying irrigation could promote the dry matter accumulation of rice plants.The aboveground nitrogen accumulation of W2 F2 was 112.7 kg/hm^(2)which was significantly higher than that of other treatments.The aboveground nitrogen uptake of W2 F1,W1 F2 and W1 F1 were 93.2 kg/hm^(2)82.9 kg/hm;and 80.4 kg/hm;respectively.The effect of irrigation mode on yield was significant(p<0.05),but the effect of fertilization type on yield was not significant(p>0.05).The yield of W2 F1 was higher than that of W1 F1 by 367 kg/hm^(2)and the yield of W2 F2 was higher than that of W1 F2 by 249 kg/hm;.The rice yield under the same irrigation mode was very close.

关 键 词：水稻 施肥类型 缓释肥 灌溉模式 间歇灌溉 干物质量 氮素分配 产量 

分 类 号：S271[农业科学—农业水土工程] TV93[农业科学—农业工程]