自交可育红花甜荞种质资源创新利用研究  

Innovation utilization of germplasm resources of self-fertile safflower buckwheat

作　　者：李春花 加央多拉 田娟[1] 孙墨可 王春龙[1] 董玉迪 郭来春[1] 魏黎明[1] 孙连池 任长忠[1] LI Chun-hua;Jiayangduola;TIAN Juan;SUN Mo-ke;WANG Chun-long;DONG Yu-di;GUO Lai-chun;WEI Li-ming;SUN Lian-chi;REN Chang-zhong(Jilin Baicheng Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Baicheng,Jilin 137000,China;Taonan Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Taonan,Jilin 137100,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省白城市农业科学院,吉林白城137000 [2]吉林省洮南市林业和草原局,吉林洮南137100

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2021年第10期2751-2757,共7页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860412);国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-07)。

摘　　要：【目的】对等花柱型白花甜荞和异花柱型红花甜荞的杂交后代F;群体进行遗传分析,为甜荞资源创新及新品种选育提供理论依据。【方法】对等花柱型白花甜荞与短花柱型红花甜荞的杂交后代F;群体进行花色、花柱型、开花天数、生育天数和株高等7个农艺性状测定,并进行遗传分析及主成分分析。【结果】在F;群体中,白花单株占27.92%,粉红花和浅粉花单株占72.08%,表明红花对白花为不完全显性;同型花(等花柱型)和异型花(短花柱型和长花柱型)分离比为2∶1,可推测出等花柱型对异型花柱为显性。7个农艺性状中,开花天数、生育天数、主茎节数和茎粗的变异系数分别为9.97%、7.16%、9.88%和9.57%,小于10.00%;单株粒数、株高和一级分枝数的变异系数分别为59.85%、21.75%和21.80%,均大于20.00%。开花天数与株高呈显著负相关(P<0.05,下同),与一级分枝数呈显著正相关;生育天数与株高、主茎节数、一级分枝数和茎粗4个株型相关性状均呈不显著负相关(P>0.05,下同);4个株型相关性状中,株高与一级分枝数呈显著正相关,与主茎节数和茎粗均呈极显著正相关;单株粒数作为产量性状,与开花天数呈极显著负相关,与生育天数呈显著负相关,与4个株型相关性状均呈极显著性正相关。主成分分析的前2个因子的特征值大于1.000,累积贡献率为56.083%,反映了所测农艺性状的主要信息,第1公因子主要是由株高、主茎节数、茎粗和单株粒数4个因子决定,故称为株型因子;第2公因子中开花天数的因子载荷最大,故称为生殖因子,这2个公因子既相互促进,又相互制约。F_(2)群体的各农艺性状中均出现超亲分离,虽然未出现粉红色等花柱型单株,但出现了70株浅粉色等花柱型的单株,其中8株为既比父本早熟又比母本高产的浅粉色等花柱型。【结论】开花天数、生育天数、主茎节数和茎粗的变异较小,稳定性�【Objective】The genetic analysis of F;population of hybrid progenies of homo-flower white buckwheat and heteromorphous safflower buckwheat would provide a theoretical basis for resource innovation and new varieties of common buckwheat.【Method】Seven agronomic traits such as flower color,style type,flowering days,number of growing days,plant height were measured on the F;populations of hybrid progenies of homo-flower white buckwheat and short style safflower buckwheat,and carried out genetic diversity and principal component analysis.【Result】In the F;population,individual plants with white flowers accounted for 27.92%,pink flowers and light pink flowers accounted for 72.08%,indicating that safflower was not completely dominant to white flowers.In addition,the separation ratio of homotypes(equal styles)and heteromorphic flowers(short styles,long styles)was 2∶1,and it could be inferred that the isome-tric styles were dominant heteromorphic styles.Among the 7 agronomic traits,the coefficients of variation of flowering days,growing days,main stem node number and stem diameter were 9.97%,7.16%,9.88%and 9.57%,respectively,which were less than 10.00%;the coefficients of variation of number of seeds per plant,plant height and number of first branch were59.85%,21.75%and 21.80%,respectively,which were all greater than 20.00%.The flowering days was significantly negatively correlated with plant height(P<0.05,the same below),and was significantly positively correlated with the number of first branch;the number of growing days were not significantly negatively correlated with plant height,number of the main stalk section,number of first branch and stem diameter(P>0.05,the same below).Among the four plant type-related traits,plant height was significantly positively correlated with the number of first branch,and extremely significantly positively correlated with the number of the main stalk section and stem diameter.As a yield trait,the number of seeds per plant was extremely negatively correlated with flowering day

关 键 词：红花甜荞 等花柱资源 遗传多样性 杂交后代 资源创新 

分 类 号：S517.035.1[农业科学—作物学]