茄子黄萎病苗期抗性鉴定技术的优化及抗源筛选  

Research on Inoculative Method of Eggplant Verticillium Wilt and Evaluation of Resistance Source at Seedling Stage

作　　者：贲海燕 曲红云[2] 霍建飞 姚玉荣 高苇 郝永娟[1] 王万立[1] 张雪岩[2] 胡建坤[3] 黄瑞荣[3] BEN Haiyan;QU Hongyun;HUO Jianfei;YAO Yurong;GAO Wei;HAO Yongjuan;WANG Wanli;ZHANG Xueyan;HU Jiankun;HUANG Ruirong(Institute of Plant Protection,Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tianjin 300381,China;Gardening Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150069,China;Plant Protection Institute,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市农业科学院植物保护研究所,天津300381 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院园艺分院,黑龙江哈尔滨150069 [3]江西省农业科学院植物保护研究所,江西南昌330200

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2022年第1期62-73,共12页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0201200)。

摘　　要：【目的】建立快速、有效的茄子黄萎病苗期抗性鉴定技术,并对茄子资源进行苗期接种鉴定,为抗病育种提供理论依据。【方法】采用温室人工接种,分别对茄子黄萎病苗期接种鉴定的接种菌株、浓度、方法、接种苗龄及接种时间进行系统筛选与比较,并应用筛选出的最佳技术对50份不同来源的茄子资源进行抗黄萎病鉴定与评价。【结果】25株强致病力的黄萎病菌株中有7株产孢效率高,从中选取4种不同培养性状的菌株用于接种,最佳接种浓度为10^(6)个孢子/mL及以上,其中菌株“2015-61”致病力最强,接种浓度10^(5)个孢子/mL的致病结果与其他菌株最佳浓度的接种结果相当,提高了试验整体效率;接种方法以无底钵伤根法为最佳,最适接种苗龄为3~4片真叶期,浸根时间为10 min。利用此抗性鉴定方法从50份不同来源茄子资源中筛选出免疫品种2份,中抗品种3份,耐病品种12份。该优化接种技术的发病情况与田间病圃结果基本一致,较准确地反映了茄子资源对黄萎病的真实抗性。【结论】茄子黄萎病苗期最佳接种技术的确立以及抗黄萎病资源的筛选为抗病育种提供依据。[Objective]In this study,a rapid and effective technique for identification of eggplant resistance to verticillium wilt at seedling stage was established,and eggplant resources were inoculated and identified at seedling stage,thus providing theoretical support for eggplant resistance breeding.[Method]The inoculation strains,concentrations,methods,seedling age and suitable time of artificial inoculation in the greenhouse were screened systematically.Furthermore,the most effective inoculation technique which was screen out was adopted to identify and evaluate the resistance to Verticillium Wilt of 50 eggplant resources from different sources.[Result]The results showed that the 7 of 25 strains of Verticillium Wilt with high pathogenicity had high sporulation efficiency,from which 4 strains with different culture traits were selected for inoculation,and the optimal inoculation concentration was 106 spores/mL or above.Among them,strain“2015-61”showed the highest pathogenicity.The inoculation result of 105 spores/ml was equivalent to 106-108 spores/mL for other strains,which improved the overall test efficiency.The optimal inoculation method was the root-dipping method with bottomless bowl,the optimal inoculation age was 3-4 real leaf stage,and the optimal root soaking time was 10 minutes.Using this method,2 immunized varieties,3 middle-resistant varieties and 12 enduring varieties were selected from 50 eggplant breeding materials.This result was basically consistent with the disease resistance results in the field tests,which demonstrated that the optimized inoculation technology accurately reflected the real resistance of eggplant resources to Verticillium wilt.[Conclusion]The establishment of the optimal inoculation technique for verticillium wilt in eggplant seedling stage and the selection of resources against Verticillium dahlia laid a solid foundation for resistance breeding.

关 键 词：茄子 黄萎病 接种方法 无底钵伤根法 抗性评价 

分 类 号：S436.411[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]