锡林郭勒不同草原类型群落生物量及多样性研究  

Study on Community Biomass and Diversity of Different Grassland Types in Xilingol

作　　者：李想 于红博[1,2,3] 刘月璇 常帅 LI Xiang;YU Hong-bo;LIU Yue-xuan;CHANG Shuai(College of Geography Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, Inner Mogolia 010022, China;Provincial Key Laboratory of Mongolian Plateau′s Climate System, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010022, China;Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Geography Information System, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, Inner Mogolia 010022, China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学地理科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010022 [2]蒙古高原气候变化与区域响应自治区高等学校重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010022 [3]内蒙古师范大学遥感与地理信息系统重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《草地学报》2022年第1期196-204,共9页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41661009,41961144019,61631011);国家科技支撑项目(2013BAK05B01)资助。

摘　　要：物种多样性和生物量是表征草地生态系统数量特征的两个重要指标,深入探讨物种多样性和生物量的变化,为草原生态系统的物种保护和生产力维持提供理论依据。本文以锡林郭勒草原为研究对象,利用样方法对草甸草原、典型草原和荒漠草原三种草原类型的植被特征进行调查,分析不同草原类型植被的地上生物量和物种多样性变化及二者与环境因子之间的关联。结果表明:除群落密度在典型草原最大外,各群落特征均表现为草甸草原>典型草原>荒漠草原,地上生物量与群落盖度、群落高度、植物密度均呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05);植物物种多样性和丰富度沿荒漠草原到典型草原再到草甸草原基本呈增加趋势,物种分布均匀度在荒漠草原最高;土壤养分和降水量对植物生长影响较大,降水和海拔对物种多样性和丰富度影响较大,均匀度主要受海拔、土壤pH值和气候的影响。Species diversity and biomass are two important indicators to characterize the quantitative characteristics of grassland ecosystem.The changes of species diversity and biomass are discussed in depth to provide a theoretical basis for species protection and productivity maintenance of grassland ecosystem.In this paper,taking Xilingol grassland as the research object,the vegetation characteristics of meadow steppe,typical steppe and desert steppe were investigated by sample method.The changes of above-ground biomass and species diversity of different steppe types and the relationship between them and environmental factors were analyzed.The results showed that the above-ground biomass was significantly positively correlated with community coverage,community height and plant density,except that the community density was the highest in typical steppe,and the characteristics of each community were meadow steppe>typical steppe>desert steppe(P<0.05).The diversity and richness of plant species increased from desert steppe to typical steppe and then to meadow steppe,and the evenness of species distribution was the highest in desert steppe.Soil nutrients and precipitation had great influence on plant growth.Precipitation and altitude had great influence on species diversity and richness,and evenness was mainly affected by altitude,soil pH and climate.

关 键 词：物种多样性 地上生物量 灰色关联分析 锡林郭勒草原 

分 类 号：K903[历史地理—人文地理学] P935[天文地球—自然地理学]