基于SSR标记和形态性状的杂交玉米特异性和多样性分析  

Distinctness and Diversity Analysis for Maize Hybrids Based on SSR Markers and Morphological Traits

作　　者：姚宗泽 杨肖艳 杨昆红 段忠 赵自仙[1] YAO Zong-ze;YANG Xiao-yan;YANG Kun-hong;DUAN Zhong;ZHAO Zi-xian(College of Agriculture and Biotechnology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Yunnan Kunming 650201,China;Dali Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Exlension,Yunnan Dali 671005,China;Quality Standards and Testing Technology Research Instilute,Yunnan A-cademy of Agricultural Sciences,Yunnan Kunming 650205,China;Yunnan Green Food Development Center,Yunnan Kunming 650032,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,云南昆明650201 [2]大理州农业科学推广研究院,云南大理671005 [3]云南省农业科学院质量标准与检测技术研究所,云南昆明650205 [4]云南省绿色食品发展中心,云南昆明650032

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第12期2557-2571,共15页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南农业大学博士启动基金(A2002276)。

摘　　要：【目的】为探讨形态性状和SSR标记鉴定的差异,为玉米SSR标记鉴定规程的完善提供理论依据。【方法】用从SSR标记鉴定规程中筛选出20对核心引物,对45个杂交玉米品种进行特异性和多样性分析。同时,测试了45个杂交玉米品种38个必测性状,基于形态性状进行特异性和多样性分析,比较分析形态性状鉴定与SSR标记鉴定之间的差异关系。【结果】45个杂交玉米品种SSR标记鉴定和形态性状鉴定的特异性结果一致,45个杂交玉米品种均具有特异性。20对SSR核心引物在45个玉米杂交种中检测到218个等位变异,平均每对引物检测到10.90个;平均有效等位变异为3.1600;平均Shannon-Weaver多样性信息指数为2.8922。38个必测性状在45个玉米杂交种中检测到178个等位变异,平均每个性状检测到4.6842个;平均Shannon-Weaver多样性信息指数为1.2593;平均有效等位变异为2.7830。SSR标记和形态性状聚类分析显示,45个杂交玉米品种间的相似系数分别为0.62~0.94、0.31~0.68,聚类分析结果可将45个杂交玉米品种划分为3大类群,且两种聚类结果相似度较高。【结论】2个杂交种间的分子差异值是形态差异值的1.94倍,建议将SSR标记鉴定中分子差异值≥4作为一个申请品种具有特异性的判定标准。【Objective】The aim of this study was to explore the differences between morphological traits and SSR marker identification,to provide theoretical basis for the improvement of maize SSR marker identification procedures.【Method】Using 20 pairs of core primers screened from SSR marker identification protocol to analyze the distinctness and diversity of 45 maize hybrid varieties.At the same time,38 characteristics essential to be tested were tested of 45 maize hybrids.Based on morphological traits,distinctness and diversity of 45 maize hybrid varieties were analyzed.The relationship between morphological trait identification and SSR marker identification was compared and analyzed.【Result】The results of SSR marker identification were consistent with morphological trait testing for 45 maize hybrid varieties,and there were distinctness among 45 maize hybrid varieties.218 allele variations were detected with 20 SSR core primers for 45 maize hybrids,with an average of 10.90 per pair;The average effective allele variations were 3.1600;And the average Shannon-Weaver diversity information index was 2.8922.Total 178 allelic variations were detected for 38 characteristics essential to be tested in 45 maize hybrid varieties,with an average of 4.6842 for each trait;An average Shannon-Weaver diversity information index 1.2593;And an average effective allelic variation 2.7830.SSR markers and morphological traits clustering analysis showed that the similarity coefficients of 45 maize hybrid varieties were 0.62-0.94 and 0.31-0.68,respectively.45 maize hybrid varieties could be divided into three groups,and the similarity was high between two clustering results.【Conclusion】The molecular differences value between two random maize hybrids was 1.94 times the morphological difference value.It was suggested that criterion value of molecular differences should be greater or equal to 4 when SSR marker identification was used to determine distinctness for two hybrids.

关 键 词：杂交玉米 SSR标记 形态性状 特异性 多样性 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]