有机类肥料部分替代化肥条件下新垦红壤团聚体变化特征及其与土壤养分供应的关系  

Characteristics of Aggregate Variation of Newly-reclaimed Red Soil Partially Replaced by Organic Fertilizers and Its Effects with Soil Nutrient Supply

作　　者：张勇 徐智[1] 邓亚琴 王瑞雪[1] 高丽芳 王宇蕴[1] ZHANG Yong;XU Zhi;DENG Ya-qin;WANG Rui-xue;GAO Li-fang;WANG Yu-yun(College of Resources and Environmental science,Yunnan Agricultural University,Yunnan Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第12期2685-2690,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“有机肥DOM性质影响化肥氮利用的土壤生物学机制”(31760609);云南省青年拔尖人才项目(A3012020057)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究新垦红壤团聚体的变化特征及其与土壤养分供应的关系,为土壤的培肥改良提供科学依据。【方法】从适量减少化肥投入的角度,以等量替代20%化肥氮为原则,设置不施肥(A)、常规化肥(B)、生物有机肥+80%化肥(C)、精制有机肥+80%化肥(D)、生物有机肥+精制有机肥+80%化肥(E)共5个处理,研究有机类肥料部分替代化肥对团聚体有机碳及其贡献率的影响,解释新垦红壤团聚体的变化特征,揭示土壤养分与团聚体变化之间的关系。【结果】配施有机肥处理较常规施肥处理能明显改善红壤团聚体结构和稳定性。有机替代条件下,施有机肥处理增加了大于0.25 mm粒径土壤水稳性团聚体的百分含量,0.25 mm以上粒径的百分含量增幅为6.3%~88.6%。与常规施肥处理相比,配施有机肥处理的平均重量直径(MWD)显著增加,而团聚体破坏率(PAD)降低范围为12.2%~25.9%。配施有机肥处理较常规施肥处理提高了团聚体中有机碳含量,且团聚体有机碳对土壤有机碳的贡献率综合提高了5.2%~11.0%,并以生物有机肥+80%化肥最为明显。相关性分析表明,土壤养分与团聚体呈显著正相关关系。【结论】有机类肥料部分替代化肥主要通过增加土壤有机碳含量来提高红壤团聚体稳定性,改良红壤团聚结构,保证土壤养分的供应。【Objective】Explore the change characteristics of newly cultivated red soil aggregates and their relationship with the supply of soil nutrients would provide a scientific basis for soil fertility improvement.【Method】From the perspective of reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer input,based on the principle of replacing 20%chemical fertilizer nitrogen by the same amount,no fertilizer(A),conventional chemical fertilizer(B),biological organic fertilizer+80%chemical fertilizer(C),refined organic fertilizer+80%chemical fertilizer(D),bio-organic fertilizer+refined organic fertilizer+80%chemical fertilizer(E),a total of 5 treatments were set to study the effect of partial replacement of chemical fertilizers by organic fertilizers on aggregate organic carbon and its contribution rate,and to explain the changes in aggregates in the new red soil characteristics,reveal the relationship between soil nutrients and aggregate changes.【Result】Organic fertilizer treatments could significantly improve the structure and stability of red soil aggregates compared with conventional chemical fertilizer.Under organic substitution conditions,organic fertilizer treatments increased the percentage of soil water-stable aggregates with a particle size greater than 0.25 mm,and the percentage increase in the percentage of soil water-stable aggregates with a particle size of 0.25 mm was 6.3%-88.6%.Compared with conventional chemical fertilizer,the average weight diameter(MWD)of organic fertilizer treatments increased significantly,while the reduction of aggregate damage rate(PAD)ranged from 12.2%to 25.9%.Organic fertilizer treatments increased the organic carbon content in aggregates compared with B treatments,and the contribution rate of aggregate organic carbon to soil organic carbon increased by 5.2%-11.0%,and used bio-organic fertilizer+80%chemical fertilizer is the most obvious.Correlation analysis shows that there was a significant positive correlation between soil nutrients and aggregates.【Conclusion】Therefore,organic

关 键 词：有机肥 部分替代 团聚体特征 土壤有机碳 速效养分 

分 类 号：S144[农业科学—肥料学]