稻作烟区土壤电导率和阳离子交换量的垂直分布特征与养分有效性的关系  

Vertical Distribution of Electrical Conductivity and Cation Exchange Capacity in Soil and Their Relationship with Nutrient Availability in Rice-growing Tobacco Areas

作　　者：田祥珅 郑重谊 刘勇军 周清明[1] 陈焘 曹志辉 谢鹏飞 彭曙光 周启运 黎娟[1] TIAN Xiang-shen;ZHENG Zhong-yi;LIU Yong-jun;ZHU Qing-ming;CHEN Tao;CAO Zhi-hui;XIE Peng-fei;PENG Shu-guang;ZHOU Qi-yun;LI Juan(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Hunan Changsha 410128,China;Hunan Tobacco Science Institute,Hunan Changsha 410004,China;Hunan Tobacco Company Chenzhou Branch,Hunan Chenzhou 423000,China;Hunan Tobacco Company Changsha Branch,Hunan Changsha 410007,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南省烟草科学研究所,湖南长沙410004 [3]湖南省烟草公司郴州市公司,湖南郴州423000 [4]湖南省烟草公司长沙市公司,湖南长沙410007

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第12期2700-2706,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖南省烟草公司科技项目“湖南稻作烟区合理耕层构建与土壤培肥关键技术研究与应用”(湘烟科[2017]170)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明湖南主要稻作烟区土壤电导率(EC)与阳离子交换量(CEC)的垂直分布特征,为提高土壤保肥能力和构建合理耕层结构提供科学依据。【方法】考察湖南郴州、衡阳和长沙稻作烟区0~50 cm剖面土壤电导率和阳离子交换量垂直分布特征,并进行分区比较研究,揭示其与土壤养分的关系。【结果】湖南稻作烟区土壤电导率为0.10~0.17 mS/cm,随土层深度的增加逐渐下降,土壤阳离子交换量为10.55~14.35 cmol/kg,随土层深度的增加表现出先降后升趋势;长沙烟区0~30 cm土层保肥能力较弱,30~50 cm土层保肥能力中等,衡阳烟区0~50 cm土层保肥能力中等,郴州烟区0~20 cm土层保肥能力中等,20~30 cm土层保肥能力较弱,30~50 cm土层保肥能力较强。电导率与碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、有效铜、有效锌、有效铁、有效硼和有效钼含量均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),而与交换性镁含量呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。阳离子交换量与碱解氮、速效钾、交换性钙、交换性镁、有效硼和有效钼含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与有效锰含量呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。【结论】湖南稻作烟区土壤盐分含量适宜,未出现盐渍化现象,保肥性中等,20~30 cm土层保肥性最差,需构建合理耕作层并增施有机肥,提高土壤保水保肥能力。【Objective】To explore the vertical distribution of soil electrical conductivity(EC)and cation exchange capacity(CEC)in rice-growing tobacco areas of Hunan province,improve the soil fertility and construct a reasonable structure of the plough layer.【Method】The soil EC and CEC of 0-50 cm profiles in Chenzhou,Hengyang and Changsha rice-growing tobacco areas were systematically compared,and the relationship between them and soil nutrients was revealed.【Result】The results showed that the soil electrical conductivity ranged from 0.10 to 0.17 mS/cm,and decreased with the deepening of soil layer,and the soil cation exchange capacity ranged from 10.55 to 14.35 cmol/kg,which first decreased and then increased with the deepening of soil layer.The soil nutrient preserving capability of 0-30 cm soil layer was weak,30-50 cm soil layer was medium in Changsha,0-50 cm soil layer was medium in Hengyang.In Chenzhou,the soil nutrient preserving capability of 0-20 cm soil layer was medium,20-30 cm soil layer was weak,30-50 cm soil layer was strong.Electrical conductivity was positively correlated with alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,available copper,available molybdenum,available zinc,available boron and available iron,and negatively correlated with exchangeable magnesium.The cation exchange capacity was positively correlated with available nitrogen,available potassium,exchangeable calcium,exchangeable magnesium,available boron and available molybdenum,and negatively correlated with available manganese.【Conculsion】The results showed that the soil salt content was suitable in rice-growing tobacco areas of Hunan province,and there was no salinization phenomenon.The soil nutrient preserving capability was moderate,and the 20-30 cm soil layer was the worst.Therefore,it is necessary to build a reasonable tillage layer and increase the application of organic fertilizer to improve the soil water and fertilizer conservation capacity.

关 键 词：稻作烟区 垂直分布 电导率 阳离子交换量 养分 回归分析 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学] S572[农业科学—农业基础科学]