秸秆覆盖还田对桑园土壤真菌群落结构组成的影响  

Effects of Straw Mulching on Soil Fungal Community Structure in Mulberry Plantation

作　　者：肖健 吴银秀 杨尚东[1] 屈达才[1] XIAO Jian;WU Yin-xiu;YANG Shang-dong;QU Da-cai(College of Agriculture,Guangxi University/Institute of Sericulture,Guangxi University,Guangxi Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院/广西大学蚕学研究所,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第12期2707-2713,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西科技重大专项(桂科AA17204041);广西高校科技创新与服务能力提升工程项目(桂教科研[2020]8号);广西学位与研究生教育改革专项课题(JGY2021013)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析秸秆覆盖还田对桑园土壤真菌群落结构组成的影响,为优化桑园施肥管理措施、保障桑园土壤健康提供参考依据。【方法】随机设置秸秆覆盖还田桑园(SR)和非秸秆覆盖还田桑园(对照,CK)2个处理,45 d后分别采集2个处理的土壤样品,基于高通量测序技术,对比分析各处理土壤真菌的Alpha多样性、不同分类水平相对丰度占比、LEfSe分析结果和FUNGuild功能预测。【结果】SR土壤中指示真菌丰富度的Ace和Chao1指数及表征多样性的Shannon指数与CK相比均无显著差异(P>0.05)。在门分类水平,子囊菌门(Ascomycota)真菌是SR土壤的优势真菌门,其相对丰度占比为83%;unclassified_k_Fungi和球囊菌门(Glomeromycota)真菌是CK土壤的优势真菌门类。在属分类水平,unclassified-f_Microascaceae、Apiotrichum,unclassified_o_Hypocreales、腐质霉属(Humicola)、曲霉属(Aspergillus)、杯盘菌属(Ciboria)、支顶孢属(Acremonium)、假埃希氏菌属(Pseudallescheria)和毛孢子菌属(Trichosporon)等是SR土壤中富集的特有优势真菌属,其相对丰度占比分别为10.62%、8.37%、5.25%、4.83%、4.12%、1.67%、1.35%、1.09%和1.23%,但缺失CK土壤中存在的Saitozyma,unclassified_c_Eurotiomycetes、Sistotrema、青霉属(Penicillium)、unclassified_o_Xylariales、马利亚霉属(Mariannaea)和粉褶菌属(Entoloma)优势真菌属。LEfSe分析结果显示,子囊菌门真菌是SR土壤中相对丰度占比最大的优势真菌门,unclassified_k_Fungi和球囊菌门是CK土壤中相对丰度占比排在前2位的优势真菌门;unclassified_f_Microascaceae、Apiotrichum、unclassified_o_Hypocreales和腐质霉属是SR土壤中相对丰度占比排在前4位的优势真菌属,Saitozyma、unclassified_k_Fungi和unclassified_c_Eurotiomycetes是CK土壤中相对丰度占比排在前3位的优势真菌属。FUNGuild功能预测结果显示,与CK相比,秸秆覆盖还田桑园土壤中富集了更丰富的腐生营养型真菌。【结论】与�【Objective】The influence of straw coverage returning to the field on the soil fungal community structure of mulberry garden was analyzed,which provided a reference for optimizing the fertilization management measures and ensuring the soil health of mulberry garden.【Method】Straw mulching(SR)and non-mulching treatments(CK)were randomly set up in mulberry plantations.Soil samples were collected after mulching for 45 days and soil fungal community structures between mulching and non-mulching treatments in mulberry plantations were analyzed using high-throughput sequence technology.Soil fungal alpha diversity,abundance of different taxonomic levels,results of LEfSe analysis and FUNGuild functions were compared between mulching and non-mulching treatment.【Result】The indexes of Ace,Chao1 and Shannon were not significant differences between mulching treatment and CK(P>0.05).However,Ascomycota was the soil dominant fungal phylum in mulching treatment,with relative abundance of 83%.And unclassified_k_Fungi and Glomeromycota were the soil dominant fungal phyla in non-mulching treatment.Moreover,unclassified_f_Microascaceae,Apiotrichum,unclassified_o_Hypocreales,Humicola,Aspergillus,Ciboria,Acremonium,Trichosporon,Pseudallescheria were the soil dominant fungal genera in mulching treatment,their proportions of relative abundance were 10.62%,8.37%,5.25%,4.83%,4.12%,1.67%,1.35%,1.09%and 1.23%,respectively.By contrast,Saitozyma,unclassified_c_Eurotiomycetes,Sistotrema,Penicillium,unclassified_o_Xylariales,Mariannaea and Entoloma were the soil dominant fungal genera in non-mulching treatment.Based on LEfSe analysis,Ascomycota were the dominant fungal phylum with the largest relative abundance in SR soils;unclassified_k_Fungi and Glomeromycota were the top 2 dominant fungal phylum in CK soils;unclassified_f_Microascaceae,Apiotrichum,unclassified_o_Hypocreales and Humicola were the top 4 dominant fungal genera in SR soil,and Saitozyma,unclassified_k_Fungi and unclassified_c_Eurotiomycetes were the top 3 dominant fungal

关 键 词：桑园 秸秆覆盖还田 高通量测序 真菌群落 组成 

分 类 号：S154.36[农业科学—土壤学]