西双版纳原始森林土壤中分离的两株纤维素分解细菌的鉴定  

Identification of Two Strains for Cellulose-degrading Bacteria Isolated from Primitive Forest Soil in Xishuangbanna Prefecture

作　　者：余萍[1] 姚斌[2] 罗红梅[1] 李树红[1] 张绍松[1] YU Ping;YAO Bin;LUO Hong-mei;LI Shu-hong;ZHANG Shao-song(Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Lab of Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation,Ministry of Agriculture/Yunnan Provincial Key Lab of Agricultural Biotechnology,Yunnan Kunming 650205,China;Feed Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所/农业部西南作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室/云南省农业生物技术重点实验室,云南昆明650205 [2]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第12期2714-2719,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：“948”项目“饲料用安全微生物反应器高效表达平台技术”(2007-Z3);“863”项目“耐热植酸酶的研制”(2006AA020101)。

摘　　要：【目的】从西双版纳原始森林土壤中筛选纤维素分解细菌高酶活的菌株,并对其初步鉴定,为综合利用废弃生物质中纤维素和发掘微生物资源奠定基础。【方法】利用LB培养基分离并纯化菌株,刚果红染色实验测定其对纤维素的降解能力,基于形态特征、生理生化特征及16S rDNA基因序列鉴定分离物。【结果】经分离共获得34株细菌,其中5株具有较强的分解纤维素酶活性。2株细菌分别被鉴定为沙福芽孢杆菌(Bacillus safensis)和吉氏芽孢杆菌(B.gibsonii);另外3株细菌亦是芽孢杆菌,分类的具体属种尚待进一步确定。分离物5株芽孢杆菌中,沙福芽孢杆菌的纤维素酶活性最强,具有潜在的研究应用价值。【结论】原始森林长期累积枯枝落叶于林地土壤,富集有丰富的微生物类群,通过分离纯化,经鉴定获得两株细菌对纤维素具有良好的分解效果,可进一步发掘利用。【Objective】In this study,bacteria with unusual high cellulase activity were screened from Xishuangbanna primitive forest soil and identified,which would lay foundation for taking full advantage of waste biomass cellulose and microorganism resource.【Method】The strains were isolated and purified by using LB medium.The cellulose-degrading bacteria were determined by congo red staining.The strains were identified on the basis of morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16 S rDNA gene sequences.【Result】A total of 34 strains of bacteria were isolated.Five strains showed high cellulase activity.Two strains were identified as Bacillus safensis and B.gibsonii.The other three strains were Bacillus species too,which would be identified further as definite species in Bacillus.The B.safensis showed the strongest cellulase activity in five isolates.It would possess potential value of research and application.【Conclusion】Primitive forest soil had being covered by dry branches and fallen leaves long time.Rich microbial floras had been enriched in the humus soil.And there were an abundance of bacteria to degrade cellulose.By means of isolated and purified,obtained two bacteria strains for efficient cellulose-degrading.It might be excavated and utilized.

关 键 词：原始森林 土壤 纤维素分解细菌 分离 鉴定 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]