中国辣椒(Capsicum chinense)对象耳豆根结线虫的抗性鉴定及机理研究  

Identification of Capsicum chinense Germplasms Resistant to Meloidogyne enterolobii and Preliminary Analysis on Resistance Mechanism

作　　者：田潇潇 姜秉政 曹振木[2] 刘子记[2] 凌鹏 谢尚潜 朱婕[1,3] TIAN Xiaoxiao;JIANG Bingzheng;CAO Zhenmu;LIU Ziji;LING Peng;XIE Shangqian;ZHU Jie(College of Horticulture,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China;Tropical Crops Genetic Recourses Institute,Chi-nese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;Hainan University/Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants,Ministry of Education,Hainan 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学园艺学院,海南海口570228 [2]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,海南海口571101 [3]海南大学/热带特色林木花卉遗传与种质创新教育部重点实验室,海南海口570228

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2022年第1期165-172,共8页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(No.31760574);海南省普通高等学校研究生创新科研课题(No.Hys2020-232);海南省自然科学基金项目(No.321QN189)。

摘　　要：根结线虫(Meloidogyne spp.)是一类高度专化性的杂食性植物病原线虫。目前,世界上已报道的根结线虫种类有98种,我国危害农作物最为严重的根结线虫有6种,包括南方根结线虫(M. incognita)、北方根结线虫(M. hapla)、爪哇根结线虫(M. javanica)、花生根结线虫(M. arenaria)、拟禾谷根结线虫(M. graminicola)和象耳豆根结线虫(M.enteroloblii)。象耳豆根结线虫寄主范围广、致病力强,选育抗病品种是防治该线虫最为经济有效的手段。由于象耳豆根结线虫在辣椒生产中造成的危害越来越大,急需筛选高抗象耳豆根结线虫的辣椒种质,为抗病育种工作提供物质前提。本研究采用苗期接种鉴定法,对27份中国辣椒(Capsicum chinense)接种象耳豆根结线虫,60 d后开展抗病性鉴定工作。从根结指数和卵粒指数可以看出,不同种质材料在抗病性上存在显著差异。L529-10-1-2-1的根结指数和卵粒指数均最大,L550-1-3的根结指数最小,L518×L535的卵粒指数最小,可推测L529-10-1-2-1对象耳豆根结线虫的抗病性最弱,L550-1-3和L518×L535抗病性最强。结合隶属函数值和聚类分析,将27份供试辣椒种质分为抗病、低抗、感病和高感4类。其中抗病种质16份,隶属函数值在1.60以上;低抗种质4份,隶属函数值在1.26~1.51之间;感病种质5份,隶属函数值在0.64~0.93之间;高感种质2份,隶属函数值在0.42以下。选取高抗的L501M-1M和高感的L529-10-1-2-1接种象耳豆根结线虫,并在接种后0、3、6、9、12、15、20、25、30 d观察线虫侵染量和根系木质素含量。发现L501M-1M根系中的根结线虫数量远远少于L529-10-1-2-1,且L501M-1M中根结线虫的发育受到了阻滞。L501M-1M和L529-10-1-2-1在接种前木质素含量均较低,而接种后抗感种质木质素含量均有所上升,且L501M-1M的木质素含量明显高于L529-10-1-2-1,从而推测木质素与中国辣椒的象耳豆根结线虫抗性存在一定关联。该结果将�Meloidogyne spp. is highly specialized omnivorous plant pathogenic nematodes. At present, 98 species of root-knot nematodes have been reported in the world, and there are 6 species of root-knot nematodes that harm crops most seriously in China, including M. incognita, M. hapla, M. javanica, M. arenaria, M. graminicola and M. enterolobii.M. enterolobii has wide host range and strong pathogenicity. Selecting and breeding resistant varieties could be the most economic and efficient way to control this disease. Since M. enterolobii is causing larger and larger damage to chili pepper production, It is emergent for breeders to screen pepper germplasms with high M. enterolobii resistance to provide material premise for disease resistance breeding. The seedling inoculation identification method was used in this study, twenty-seven C. chinense germplasms were inoculated with M. enterolobii for 60 days to carry out resistance identification work. The gall index and egg mass index showed that there were significant differences among different C.chinense germplasms on nematode resistance. L529-10-1-2-1 had the largest gall index and egg mass index, l550-1-3 had the smallest gall index, and l518 × L535 had the smallest egg mass index. It can be inferred that l529-10-1-2-1 has the weakest disease resistance to M. enteroloblii, and l550-1-3 and l518 × L535 have the strongest disease resistance.According to the total value of the subordinate function values and clustering results, the 27 pepper germplasms could be divided into four categories: resistant, lowly resistant, susceptible and highly susceptible. The 16 resistant germplasms had subordinate function values higher than 1.60. The four lowly resistant germplasms had subordinate function values of 1.26-1.51. The five susceptible germplasms had subordinate function values of 0.64-0.93, and the two highly susceptible germplasms had subordinate function values lower than 0.42. Resistant L501 M-1 M and susceptible L529-10-1-2-1 were inoculated with M. enterolobii to measure t

关 键 词：象耳豆根结线虫 中国辣椒 抗病性鉴定 线虫侵染量 木质素 

分 类 号：S436.418[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]