基于添加剂使用的污泥堆肥厂经济效益分析  

Economic benefit analysis of sludge composting plants based on the use of additives

作　　者：刘燕 马若男 李国学 袁京 LIU Yan;MA Ruonan;LI Guoxue;YUAN Jing(Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation,College of Resource and Environmental Science,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2022年第1期202-209,共8页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1901000)。

摘　　要：基于原位控制理念的外源添加剂可有效控制堆肥过程中污染气体的产生,同时提高堆肥产品养分含量,但其在工厂尺度应用的经济效益仍不明确。本文以内蒙古通辽市某污水处理厂为例,对不同堆肥模式情景以及外源添加剂使用进行系统的经济效益分析。结果表明:处理量较大的条垛式自然通风堆肥工艺(配套WT36型翻堆机)具有相对较低的基础设施投资费用和运行管理成本。不同堆肥工艺不添加外源材料的堆肥产品生产成本为314.93~349.85元·t^(-1);使用磷石膏可使堆肥生产成本降低约6元·t^(-1);磷石膏与双氰胺混合添加、仅使用过磷酸钙、过磷酸钙与双氰胺混合添加时生产成本升高5.0%~16.2%。堆肥产品销售可以补偿污泥堆肥处理成本,使污泥堆肥达到微利水平。采用大规模的条垛式自然通风且添加磷石膏的堆肥工艺经济效益最优,产投比达到3.22,投资回收期最短,可在3年2个月收回项目静态投资总额。因此,以磷石膏为外源添加剂并采用大规模条垛式自然通风工艺的污泥堆肥工厂化应用具有经济可行性。Exogenous additives based on the in situ control concept can effectively control the generation of pollution gases during the composting process, as well as improve the nutrient content of compost products;however, the economic benefits of its application at the factory scale are still unclear. Taking a sewage treatment plant in Tongliao City of Inner Mongolia as an example, this study systematically analyzed the economic benefits of different composting modes and the use of exogenous additives. The results showed that the strip stack natural ventilation composting process(with WT36 dumper)with a large capacity had relatively low infrastructure investment and operation and management costs. The production cost of compost products with different composting processes without adding exogenous additives ranged from 314.93 to 349.85 yuan·t^(-1). Using phosphogypsum reduced the production cost of composting by about 6 yuan·t^(-1);When phosphogypsum was mixed with dicyandiamide, only superphosphate was used, superphosphate was mixed with dicyandiamide, the production cost increased by 5.0%~16.2%. The sale of composting products compensated for the cost of sludge composting and made the sludge composting reach the level of low profit. Among them, the composting process with large-scale natural ventilation and adding phosphogypsum had the best economic benefit:the ratio of production to investment was 3.22, the investment recovery period was the shortest, and the total static investment of the project could be recovered in three years and two months. Therefore, the industrial application of sludge composting using phosphogypsum as an external additive and a large-scale heating and natural ventilation process is economically feasible.

关 键 词：污泥 堆肥工艺 添加剂 成本分析 经济效益 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学] X703[农业科学—农业基础科学]