不同气候区猪舍最大通风量确定及湿帘降温系统应用效果  

Determination of maximum ventilation and evaluation on the performance of the cooling system for commercial pig houses in different climate zones

作　　者：齐飞 施正香[1,2] 黄金军 李浩 Qi Fei;Shi Zhengxiang;Huang Jinjun;Li Hao(College of Water Resource and Civil Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Engineering Research Center on Animal Healthy Environment,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京100083 [2]北京市畜禽健康养殖环境工程技术研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2021年第22期202-209,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32002226)。

摘　　要：热应激会对猪产生不利影响,为探究猪舍适宜的夏季通风条件和合理的降温需求,该研究利用环境气象资料,结合能质平衡方程,对围护结构传热及通风散热占比进行了分析,构建了保育及育肥舍夏季最大通风量的计算公式,对五大气候区的典型城市:长春、北京、南宁、武汉、贵阳的保育及育肥舍夏季最大通风量取值进行了规范,并对这些城市的110 m×15 m的模型猪舍的热湿环境进行了分析。结果表明,5个地区使用湿帘的时长:南宁>武汉>北京>贵阳>长春;使用湿帘后舍内温度仍高于27℃的时长:南宁>武汉>北京>贵阳>长春;使用湿帘后的平均降温幅度:北京>长春>武汉>南宁>贵阳;使用湿帘后平均相对湿度增量:北京>长春>武汉>南宁>贵阳;使用湿帘后舍内温度降至27℃以下时间占比:长春>北京>贵阳>武汉>南宁。通过分析以上数据,该研究对五大气候区湿帘降温系统的购置及使用提出了建议,同时该研究为不同气候区商品猪舍的夏季小气候估算及湿帘降温系统运行使用效果评估提供了参考。Ventilation systems can move the stale air out of the building and draw the fresh air in,serving to preserve the optimum living conditions.It can be widely recognized as an effective way to relieve the strong impacts of heat stress on the health and behavior of pigs under the ventilation systems of a house in summer.The maximum ventilation of pig houses can often be assumed to design the ventilation systems.A cooling pad system with high performance has also been widely used in pig houses in China.However,the cooling performance of the pad system can be significantly reduced under a high humid environment,particularly for the diverse climate types.Furthermore,a variety of environmental factors can lead to the different performances of ventilation fans and cooling pad system under specific climatic conditions over the large geographical regions of China.A reasonable configuration of fans and cooling pad systems is very essential to the climate control for the pig houses in summer.In this study,a novel VBA model of the maximum ventilation and cooling pad operation was developed to predict the indoor environment under different climate types and operating conditions using the CIGR energy and mass balance.According to the‘Code for Thermal Engineering Design of Civil Buildings’,the typical cities were selected as the study areas from different climate zones of China,including Changchun(severe cold),Beijing(cold),Wuhan(hot summer and cold winter),Nanning(hot summer and warm winter),and Guiyang(mild).The environmental data of five cities were collected from the weather database.A pig house in a dimension of 110 m×15 m×3 m was set up as a model case.Firstly,a systematic analysis was made to determine the ratio of heat transfer to the ventilation and heat dissipation of the envelope structure.Then,a relationship equation was established for the maximum ventilation and the heat dissipation under various ventilation rates in commercial pig houses.Five parameters were finally selected to evaluate the performance of the

关 键 词：温度 通风 环境 猪舍 通风设计 降温策略 

分 类 号：S828.9[农业科学—畜牧学]